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Article Abstract
Self-monitoring, functional, injectable hydrogels represent an advancement in smart biomaterials. In this study, we developed injectable dual-responsive hydrogel composites with near-infrared (NIR) emission, fabricated from a nonradiative energy transfer (NRET) nanoprobes and doubly cross-linked microgel (DX MG) building blocks. These hydrogels were easily prepared and exhibit reversible responsiveness to both pH (4.5-7.4) and Ca (0.005-0.08 M) through phototriggered covalent cross-linking of low-concentration (∼7 wt %) shear-thinning microgels. The resulting gels demonstrate tunable modulus and swelling ratios in response to environmental pH and Ca levels, which could be reversibly monitored via NIR ratiometric photoluminescence (RMPL). They withstood 90% compression with low hysteresis, enabling NIR-monitored cyclic compression and tissue imaging. A bilayer actuator, combining DX MG with green-emitting polyacrylamide gels, achieved simultaneous pH/Ca response and tortuosity monitoring via NIR RMPL. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a self-monitoring hydrogel actuator utilizing NIR ratiometric photoluminescence, offering significant promise for PL bionic-driven soft matter and biomedical applications.
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