A telomere-to-telomere genome of wild soybean with resistance to soybean cyst nematode X12.

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is one of the most destructive pests affecting soybean production worldwide. Wild soybean (Glycine soja) germplasm offers valuable genetic resources for developing SCN-resistant cultivars. Here, we present a telomere-to-telomere assembly of the wild soybean Glycine soja accession YSD56, which is resistant to the highly virulent SCN race X12. The assembled genome has a total length of 1,008.52 Mb, with a contig N50 of 51.97 Mb, and successfully resolves all 20 centromeres and 40 telomeres. The assembly is high quality, with 99.7% completeness based on conserved single-copy orthologs (BUSCO) and a base-level accuracy of QV 52.16. A total of 57,712 protein-coding genes were predicted, 98.79% of which were functionally annotated. This high-quality reference genome provides a valuable resource for investigating SCN resistance and accelerating soybean genetic improvement.