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The temperature-dependent second threshold criteria for the Nd:YVO/Cr:YAG passively Q-switched (PQS) laser is explored. The emission cross section of the Nd:YVO crystal is found to decrease as temperature elevates, which is feasible to reach the PQS second threshold with a flexible cavity design. We derive theoretical analysis and experimentally verify it by demonstrating the cavity mode size ratio variation between those on the gain medium and the saturable absorber. With the successful demonstration of reaching the second threshold condition by increasing the Nd:YVO temperature, an application of the intracavity stimulated Raman scattering is further explored to show the benefit of this method.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.557527 | DOI Listing |
Anal Chim Acta
November 2025
State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China. Electronic address:
Background: During intense exercise, anaerobic metabolism predominantly produces energy in the body, resulting in lactic acid (LA) accumulation, which contributes to muscle fatigue and soreness and may also impair neurological and cardiovascular functions. In endurance sports, the lactate threshold (LT) is a key indicator of an athlete's capacity to clear and utilize LA, directly influencing athletic performance and endurance. Therefore, LA detection is crucial for assessing the physical condition of both athletes and the general population, as well as for optimizing training programs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBlood Press
September 2025
School of Nursing (Nursing School of Smart Healthcare Industry), Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Med Teach
September 2025
NordSim, Center for Skills Training and Simulation, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Background: Assessing skills in simulated settings is resource-intensive and lacks validated metrics. Advances in AI offer the potential for automated competence assessment, addressing these limitations. This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning AI model for automated evaluation during simulation-based thyroid ultrasound (US) training.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDisabil Rehabil
September 2025
Department of Occupational Therapy, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, South Korea.
Purpose: This study aimed to develop a tailored International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for driving rehabilitation in South Korea, addressing the functional needs of individuals with disabilities and the gaps in the current rehabilitation system.
Materials And Methods: An initial item pool was created based on focus group interviews with 13 individuals with disabilities who use assistive driving technologies. This was followed by two Delphi rounds with 12 occupational therapy experts.
Eur J Neurol
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Background: No standardized strategy for integrating κ-free light chain (κ-FLC) index into routine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diagnostics has yet been established.
Objective: To determine agreement between κ-FLC index and CSF-restricted oligoclonal bands (OCB), and to identify κ-FLC index range where second-line OCB testing is needed.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in patients who had κ-FLC measurement between December 2023 and December 2024 at the Medical University of Innsbruck.