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Article Abstract
Paleovegetation reconstructions rely virtually exclusively on inferences from vascular plants, particularly pollen grains, ignoring other components of the land flora. Artificial intelligence (AI) opens the door to the identification of other microfossils, particularly bryophyte spores, which offer a new, higher magnification lens to characterize past climatic environments.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2025.07.007 | DOI Listing |
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The taphonomic puzzle of Notothylacites filiformis: reinterpretation of bryophyte fossils from the Late Cretaceous of Czechia reveals co-occurrence of hornworts and liverworts.
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September 2025
National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic.
Background And Aims: Hornworts are rarely found in the fossil record, so each new find provides important insights regarding their evolution and diversity. Here we revisit a controversial genus, Notothylacites, described from the Late Cretaceous of Central Europe, which has liverwort morphology, but bears hornwort spores.
Methods: The fossil material was originally studied in 1970 by Pacltová using pollen preparation techniques.
The MpCAFA gene encodes a ciliary protein required for spermatozoid motility in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha.
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Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kindai University, 930 Nishimitani, Kinokawa, Wakayama, 649-6493, Japan.
Bryophytes, pteridophytes, and some gymnosperm species produce motile ciliated spermatozoids that navigate to the egg by regulating ciliary motility in response to a concentration gradient of attractants released from the egg and/or the surrounding cells. However, the structural components of spermatozoid cilia in land plants remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated MpCAFA (combined calcyphosine [CAPS] with flagellar-associated protein 115 [FAP115]; Mp1g04120) in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMultiplication of peat moss (Sphagnum L.) species for climate action.
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Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schaenzlestr. 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Mosses from the genus Sphagnum have experienced 350 million years of separate evolution, resulting in distinctive features, such as unlimited apical growth potential, unknown from other mosses. They are ecosystem engineers and the main components of peatlands. Although peatlands cover only a small part of Earth's landmass, they store more carbon than all living matter combined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTime to spice-up paleoecological records with bryophyte spores.
Trends Plant Sci
August 2025
University of Liège, Integrative Biological Sciences, Liège, Belgium; Botanic Garden Meise, Meise, Belgium. Electronic address:
Paleovegetation reconstructions rely virtually exclusively on inferences from vascular plants, particularly pollen grains, ignoring other components of the land flora. Artificial intelligence (AI) opens the door to the identification of other microfossils, particularly bryophyte spores, which offer a new, higher magnification lens to characterize past climatic environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew insights into bryophyte arabinogalactan-proteins from a hornwort and a moss model organism.
Plant J
July 2025
Pharmaceutical Institute, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstraße 76, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
Two bryophyte models, the hornwort Anthoceros agrestis (Anthoceros) and the moss Physcomitrium patens (Physcomitrium), were analyzed for the presence of arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs), as the emergence of these signaling glycoproteins in evolution is still under debate. AGPs of both species had a galactan core structure similar to that of other bryophyte and fern AGPs, but different from angiosperm AGPs, as 1,6-linked pyranosidic galactose was almost absent. In the Physcomitrium AGP, furanosidic arabinose (Araf) linkages were mainly terminal (10%) or 5-linked (13%), while in Anthoceros, terminal Araf dominated (26%) and was accompanied by very low amounts of 1,3-Araf and pyranosidic terminal Ara.
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