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The advancement of extracellular vesicle (EV)-based theranostics is significantly hampered by the limitations of conventional EV labeling dyes such as poor water solubility and single functionality, hindering precise tracking and therapeutic integration. To address these challenges, we present a molecular engineering strategy to design carbazole-based amphiphilic fluorescent probes for EVs, leveraging modulation via twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT). The optimized probe, , exhibits a remarkable 208-fold fluorescence enhancement upon EV binding, attributed to TICT suppression. Theoretical calculations confirm that the designed molecular architecture facilitates stable membrane insertion. Notably, -labeled EVs demonstrate dual functionality: fluorescence emission for high-contrast imaging of tumor-targeted EV trafficking and efficient generation of various reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light irradiation. The fluorescence labeling enables real-time visualization of EV endocytosis dynamics. In addition, the labeled EVs achieve efficient tumor eradication through photodynamic therapy, achieving 76% tumor growth inhibition . This work established a molecular toolkit for precise and efficient EV-based phototheranostics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5c02804 | DOI Listing |
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
September 2025
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, No. 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou 215123, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Optics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, China. Electronic address: g
The dynamic monitoring of cell death processes remains a significant challenge due to the scarcity of highly sensitive molecular tools. In this study, two hemicyanine-based probes (5a-5b) with D-π-A structures were developed for organelle-specific viscosity monitoring. Both probes exhibited correlation with the Förster-Hoffmann viscosity-dependent relationship (R > 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
The Steve Sanghi College of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona 86011, United States.
This study investigates the HO and CO sorption behavior of two chemically distinct polystyrene-divinylbenzene-based ion exchange sorbents: a primary amine and a permanently charged strong base quaternary ammonium (QA) group with (bi)carbonate counter anions. We compare their distinct interactions with HO and CO through simultaneous thermal gravimetric, calorimetric, gas analysis, and molecular modeling approaches to evaluate their performance for dilute CO separations like direct air capture. Thermal and hybrid (heat + low-temperature hydration) desorption experiments demonstrate that the QA-based sorbent binds both water and CO more strongly than the amine counterparts but undergoes degradation at moderate temperatures, limiting its compatibility with thermal swing regeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Chem
September 2025
Jiaxing Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Sensing, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Jiaxing University, Jiaxing 314001, China.
Despite the promise of electrochemical biosensors in amplified nucleic acid diagnostics, existing high-sensitivity platforms often rely on a multilayer surface assembly and cascade amplification confined to the electrode interface. These stepwise strategies suffer from inefficient enzyme activity, poor mass transport, and inconsistent probe orientation, which compromise the amplification efficiency, reproducibility, and practical applicability. To address these limitations, we report a programmable dual-phase electrochemical biosensing system that decouples amplification from signal transduction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
September 2025
Yunnan Key Laboratory of Crystalline Porous Organic Functional Materials, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China.
Sequential assembly of donor-acceptor components at the molecular level within a MOF is an effective strategy to achieve efficient electron-hole separation for enhancing the activity of photocatalysts. Meanwhile, the highly efficient and selective functionalization of tetrahydroisoquinoline (THIQ) under mild conditions remains an urgent demand in both the scientific and industrial communities. This work reports a donor-acceptor MOF photocatalyst () constructed by the coordinated assembly of donor and acceptor components, in which a naphthalene unit serves as an electron donor and a perylenediimide unit as an electron acceptor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
September 2025
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore.