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The dielectric response of an ionic solution includes ionic diffusion, solvent molecule reorientation, and the intermolecular interactions between solvent, cations, and anions. While ionic diffusion and solvent reorientation produce large responses in the dielectric spectra, the contributions of the ion-ion and ion-water interactions can be difficult to measure and compute. Here, we combine computational and experimental techniques to investigate the impact of ion-ion and ion-water interactions in aqueous sodium fluoride solutions and determine whether an ion pairing peak exists in the dielectric spectra. We use our recently developed direct electric field approach to perform frequency-resolved configurational analysis of ion pairing. From this analysis, we identify a Debye peak associated with the reorientation of ion pairs. Our broadband microwave microfluidic spectra of sodium fluoride solutions further support the existence of a low-frequency Debye relaxation due to ion pairs in the solution.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0272934 | DOI Listing |
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
September 2025
Medical Faculty, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland.
Background: Distal triceps tendon rupture is related to high complication rates with up to 25% failures. Elbow stiffness is another severe complication, as the traditional approach considers prolonged immobilization to ensure tendon healing. Recently, a dynamic tape was designed, implementing a silicone-infused core for braid shortening and preventing repair elongation during mobilization, thus maintaining constant tissue approximation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale Horiz
September 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
Nanostructuring, which shortens lithium-ion diffusion lengths, can help facilitate pseudocapacitive behavior in some battery materials. Here, nanostructured LiNiCoAlO (NCA), with porosity and decreased crystallite size compared to commercial bulk NCA, was synthesized using a colloidal polymer template. Small particles (∼150 nm) were obtained using rapid thermal annealing (RTA), while medium particles (∼300 nm) were obtained with conventional heating.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Phys
September 2025
Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, UK.
Background: Integrated mode proton imaging is a clinically accessible method for proton radiographs (pRads), but its spatial resolution is limited by multiple Coulomb scattering (MCS). As the amplitude of MCS decreases with increasing particle charge, heavier ions such as carbon ions produce radiographs with better resolution (cRads). Improving image resolution of pRads may thus be achieved by transferring individual proton pencil beam images to the equivalent carbon ion data using a trained image translation network.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Phys Chem B
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
Understanding hydrogen bonding and ion-specific interactions in water, sodium sulfate (NaSO), and acetonitrile (ACN) systems remains challenging due to their complex, dynamic nature. Here, Raman spectroscopy is employed to probe hydrogen bonding networks and ion reorganization in NaSO aqueous solutions with different ACN concentrations. The results indicate that, at low ACN concentrations in the ternary solutions, hydrogen bonding between ACN and water molecules disrupts the original hydration structure of the ions, resulting in the formation of small ion clusters via electrostatic interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Microbiol
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University, 26, 1845 Fairmount, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA.
Freezing point depression due to high salt concentration is crucial for liquid water to exist on cold worlds, expanding special regions where habitats are plausible. Determination of the growth tolerances of terrestrial microbes in analog systems impacts planetary protection protocols aimed at preventing interference with life detection missions or potential native ecosystems on celestial bodies. We measured the salinity tolerances of 18 salinotolerant bacteria (Bacillus, Halomonas, Marinococcus, Nesterenkonia, Planococcus, Salibacillus, and Terribacillus).
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