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Objective: This study explores the material basis and biological functions of meridian interstitial channels in mini-pigs proximal to the stomach meridian by analyzing differential proteomics between interstitial channels and adjacent non-interstitial channel tissues.
Methods: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) under data-dependent acquisition mode was employed to analyze and identify the proteome of subcutaneous connective tissues along the stomach meridian and adjacent tissues. SWATH MS method and omicsbean online analysis platforms were used for protein quantification and differential proteomic analysis. Differential proteins were subjected to Gene Ontology annotation and KEGG pathway analysis to understand their functions and biological processes. Combining traditional Chinese meridian theory with modern meridian research, proteins most relevant to meridian functions were selected, and their expression levels were assessed using Western blotting.
Results: GO annotation and KEGG pathway analysis revealed differences in molecular functions, biological processes, and metabolic pathways among differential proteins. Most downregulated proteins were enzyme functional proteins involved in amino acid metabolism (GOT1), adenosine nucleotide balance conversion (AK1), and calcium ion-binding processes (ANXA6). Most upregulated proteins were structural proteins in the extracellular matrix-collagen proteins (COL3A1, COL6A1, COL6A3, COL6A6, COL12A1, COL14A1) and proteoglycans (DCN, BGN, FMOD)-involved in influencing and regulating collagen fiber generation and arrangement. Intriguingly, almost all differential proteins were associated with gastrointestinal diseases, implying a pathological correlation of differential proteins in the stomach meridian interstitial channel.
Conclusions: The stomach meridian interstitial channels in mini-pigs show 72 differentially expressed proteins compared to adjacent tissues. These differences include the upregulation of structural proteins and downregulation of functional proteins, potentially forming the molecular biological basis for the structural and functional specificity of meridians.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom15060804 | DOI Listing |
Small
September 2025
Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
Proton-based batteries emerge as a promising candidate for low-temperature energy conversion and storage, yet their practical implementation is constrained by cathode performance limitations. Herein, [Fe(CN)] vacancies-mediated vanadium hexacyanoferrate (VFeCN-VHCF) with contiguous proton channels is pioneered as a proton cathode material for all-round improved ultra-low-temperature energy conversion. Through operando characterization and density functional theory calculations, we reveal that the [Fe(CN)] vacancies induce the formation of V═O bonds, which serve as the active sites to store protons and endow V-VHCF to reach a high capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife Sci
August 2025
Division of Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
Aims: Gabapentin reduces bladder pain and overactivity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced chronic cystitis in a rat model. This study evaluated the role of the spinal cord and the descending noradrenergic pathway in the effects of mirogabalin (MGB), a novel gabapentinoid drug on painful bladder hypersensitivity in this model.
Main Methods: Chronic cystitis was induced in female Sprague-Dawley rats via repeated intravesical LPS instillation.
Nanomaterials (Basel)
August 2025
Key Laboratory of Neutron Physics and Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621999, China.
In this study, we report a strategy to suppress the formation of large Cu-rich particles by adding excessive interstitial carbon into CuFeMnNi high-entropy alloys. With the increase in C contents in the CuFeMnNi HEAs annealed at 1000 °C, the size and area fraction of the submicron Cu-rich particles markedly decreased. Of note, the CuFeMnNi 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanomaterials (Basel)
August 2025
School of Physics, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
In order to improve the electrochromic properties of NiO films, Mg ions were introduced into NiO films using the sol-gel method and the spin-coating method. The introduction of Mg ions leads to the loose structure of the compact NiO film, which can provide more channels for the transport of OH. In addition, the introduction of Mg ions increases the oxygen vacancies and oxygen interstitial defects in the NiO film, which effectively increases the reactive sites and improves the charge transfer efficiency at the interface between the NiO film and the electrolyte.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko
August 2025
Almazov National Medical Research Center, St. Petersburg, Russia.
The main functional parts of the glymphatic system are perivascular spaces and surrounding astrocytes. Cerebrospinal fluid enters the brain parenchyma from subarachnoid cisterns through perivascular Virchow-Robin spaces and passes into the interstitium through aquaporin channels in astrocytes. Then, cerebrospinal fluid removes metabolic products and mixes with interstitial fluid.
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