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We propose a new systematic approach to distinguish valence and diffuse electronically excited states of polyatomic molecules. This method applies the stabilization technique of Hazi and Taylor [ , 1 (1109)] to neutral excited states, using basis set diffuseness as the stabilization parameter. By monitoring how excited states behave under basis set contraction, one can differentiate valence states from Rydberg and mixed valence-Rydberg states, reducing the arbitrariness of previous strategies. Valence states remain stable, whereas the energies of Rydberg and mixed states vary. This approach is compatible with any electronic structure method. To illustrate its applicability, we characterize the singlet excited states of CCl, HCOOH, and 2-chlorotoluene. This provides a valuable tool for investigating the nature of the electronically excited states.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.5c02982 | DOI Listing |
Nature
September 2025
TUM School of Natural Sciences, Physics Department, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany.
Out-of-equilibrium phases in many-body systems constitute a new paradigm in quantum matter-they exhibit dynamical properties that may otherwise be forbidden by equilibrium thermodynamics. Among these non-equilibrium phases are periodically driven (Floquet) systems, which are generically difficult to simulate classically because of their high entanglement. Here we realize a Floquet topologically ordered state theoretically proposed in ref.
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September 2025
National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA.
Controlling spin currents, that is, the flow of spin angular momentum, in small magnetic devices, is the principal objective of spin electronics, a main contender for future energy-efficient information technologies. A pure spin current has never been measured directly because the associated electric stray fields and/or shifts in the non-equilibrium spin-dependent distribution functions are too small for conventional experimental detection methods optimized for charge transport. Here we report that resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) can bridge this gap by measuring the spin current carried by magnons-the quanta of the spin wave excitations of the magnetic order-in the presence of temperature gradients across a magnetic insulator.
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September 2025
Institute of Modern Optics, Nankai University, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-scale Optical Information Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.
Photon upconversion through high harmonic generation, multiphoton absorption, Auger recombination and phonon scattering performs a vital role in energy conversion and renormalization. Considering the reduced dielectric screening and enhanced Coulomb interactions, semiconductor monolayers provide a promising platform to explore photon upconversion at room temperature. Additionally, two-photon upconversion was recently demonstrated as an emerging technique to probe the excitonic dark states due to the extraordinary selection rule compared with conventional excitation.
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September 2025
National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Sensing and Manipulation, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nanjing University, 210023, Nanjing, China.
Planar optical elements incorporating space-varying Pancharatnam-Berry phase have revolutionized the manipulation of light fields by enabling continuous control over amplitude, phase, and polarization. While previous research focusing on linear functionalities using apolar liquid crystals (LCs) has attracted much attention, extending this concept to the nonlinear regime offers unprecedented opportunities for advanced optical processing. Here, we demonstrate the reconfigurable nonlinear Pancharatnam-Berry LC diffractive optics in photopatterned ion-doped ferroelectric nematics.
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September 2025
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
Polymorphic two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) exhibit diverse properties for optoelectronic applications. Here, utilizing phase-engineered MoTe as a prototypical platform, we comprehensively explored its ultrafast and nonlinear optical properties to complete the fundamental framework of phase-dependent optical phenomena in 2D TMDCs. Starting with the phase-selective synthesis of 2H- and 1T'-MoTe with tailored thicknesses, we revealed their distinct photocarrier relaxation mechanisms using intensive power-/temperature-/thickness-dependent transient absorption spectra (TAS).
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