Electrosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide at Industrial-Level Current Density in Flow-Cell System: Interfacial Microenvironment Regulation and Catalyst Design.

Electrosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide via two-electron oxygen reduction (2e ORR) provides a green, sustainable, and cost-effective alternative to anthraquinone processes. However, scaling up from laboratory evaluations to practical applications remains challenging. Herein, an interfacial microenvironment regulation strategy using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide cationic surfactant is reported to boost the hydrogen peroxide (HO) production rate of commercial carbon black catalysts in alkaline flow-cell reactors. The modified interfacial microenvironment creates an ideal environment for HO production, resulting in a 1.40-fold improvement in 2e ORR current density (from 227.0 to 320.0 mA cm) and a 1.58-fold improvement in HO production rate (from 137.0 to 217.8 mM L h). Additionally, a boron-doped mesoporous carbon catalyst is developed, demonstrating superior catalytic performance, achieving a 1.80-fold improvement in HO production rate (246.7 mM L h) comparing with commercial carbon black. These results highlight the potential of microenvironment regulation and catalyst design for developing highly efficient and scalable HO electrosynthesis system.