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Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophilic, Gram-negative bacterium found in marine and estuarine ecosystems and is a significant contributor to seafood-related bacterial gastroenteritis. Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is a widespread secondary messenger that modulates various cellular pathways, including virulence factor production, motility, and biofilm formation. c-di-GMP is made by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs), while its breakdown is mediated by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). Although many putative DGCs and PDEs involved in c-di-GMP metabolism have been identified in V. parahaemolyticus, only a few have been thoroughly studied. Furthermore, the metabolism of c-di-GMP is influenced by various environmental factors and transcriptional regulators. This review provides an overview of the c-di-GMP signaling network in V. parahaemolyticus, focusing on recent advancements related to c-di-GMP metabolic enzyme genes and their regulatory mechanisms. Understanding the intricate mechanisms of c-di-GMP metabolism and regulation is crucial for revealing the environmental adaptation and pathogenic strategies of V. parahaemolyticus.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00284-025-04260-8 | DOI Listing |
Elife
September 2025
Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
The opportunistic pathogen serves as a model organism for studying multiple signal transduction pathways. The chemoreceptor cluster, a core component of the chemotaxis pathway, is assembled from hundreds of proteins. The unipolar distribution of receptor clusters has long been recognized, yet the precise mechanism governing their assembly remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPoult Sci
August 2025
School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China. Electronic address:
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a widespread bacterial pathogen that poses a significant threat to the poultry industry globally. It is of great significance to control APEC infections by investigating the molecular mechanisms that regulate APEC's adaptation to new environments and its survival. APEC possesses a series of regulation systems to sense and quickly and appropriately respond to extracellular environmental changes, and causes the host infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Bacteria have several nucleotide second messengers, most of which act as global regulators to control a wide range of bacterial physiological processes. Studies usually focus on a single second messenger, and the mechanisms and physiological significance of the cross-regulation between different nucleotide second messengers are often unclear. Here, we show that can form biofilms in both nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor media.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
August 2025
Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Peking University Cancer Hospital Yunnan, Kunming, China.
Biofilms are protective structures that bacteria use to evade the immune system and resist antibiotics, leading to complications in medical treatments, especially with implanted devices. The molecule cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) is crucial for biofilm formation in Escherichia coli (E. coli).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
August 2025
State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
Unlabelled: As a near-ubiquitous bacterial second messenger, cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) regulates a multitude of important biological processes. The regulatory effects of c-di-GMP on bacterial physiological processes are mediated through its interaction with various effector molecules, including mRNA riboswitches and proteins. Although c-di-GMP effector proteins have been widely reported, yet unknown c-di-GMP effectors in bacteria wait to be discovered, and the physiological roles of this second messenger still remain to be explored.
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