98%
921
2 minutes
20
Quantifying the infectious titre of preparations containing rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is an essential virological technique during RHDV research. The infectious titre of an RHDV preparation is determined using a bioassay to identify the endpoint dilution at which 50% of rabbits become infected (RID). Previous publications have briefly described the method for estimating the infectious titre of RHDV preparations by challenging rabbits with 10-fold serial dilutions. However, these descriptions lack the critical considerations for a standardised method to estimate RID. These details are presented here, along with a comparison between the Reed-Muench, Dragstedt-Behrens, Spearman-Kärber, and probit regression methods for calculating the RID. All the statistical approaches demonstrated a high level of agreement in calculating the RID. To help assess the precision of the estimated infectious titre, the improved Spearman-Kärber and probit regression methods provide the 95% confidence intervals. The method outlined improves the accuracy of results when undertaking studies of pathogenicity, host resistance, and the production of vaccines against RHDV.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12115570 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v17050609 | DOI Listing |
mSphere
September 2025
Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
The ferret model is widely used to study influenza A viruses (IAVs) isolated from multiple avian and mammalian species, as IAVs typically replicate in the respiratory tract of ferrets without the need for prior host adaptation. During standard IAV risk assessments, tissues are routinely collected from ferrets at a fixed time point post-inoculation to assess the capacity for systemic spread. Here, we describe a data set of virus titers in tissues collected from both respiratory tract and extrapulmonary sites 3 days post-inoculation from over 300 ferrets inoculated with more than 100 unique IAVs (inclusive of H1, H2, H3, H5, H7, and H9 IAV subtypes, both mammalian and zoonotic origin).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Environ Microbiol
September 2025
Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA.
Disinfectant wipes are widely used to reduce microbial contamination on surfaces, yet there is limited information on how viruses are physically removed or chemically inactivated during wiping. This study aimed to address this gap by comparing the contributions of physical removal and chemical inactivation to overall disinfection efficacy. Glass and vinyl coupons were contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 surrogates, bovine coronavirus (BCoV), or human coronavirus OC43, at an initial titer of 5-6 log TCID/surface with 5% soil load.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Public Health
August 2025
Epidemiology and Data Management Unit, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Division of Intramural Research, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Introduction: Immune-deficient/disordered people (IDP) elicit a less robust immune response to COVID-19 vaccination than the general US population. Despite millions of IDP at presumed elevated risk, few population-level studies of IDP have been conducted in the Omicron era to evaluate breakthrough infection-related outcomes.
Methods: We followed a prospective cohort of 219 IDP and 63 healthy volunteers (HV) in the USA from April 2021 (Alpha variant peak) to July 2023 (Omicron XBB variant peak).
Front Immunol
September 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an, China.
Objective: Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) is a major pathogen of severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in children, but the mechanism by which it develops into severe HFMD remains unclear, especially the role of macrophage-mediated immune dysregulation.
Methods: Bioinformatics tools were utilized to analyze the transcriptome sequencing results of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMCs) infected with different titers of EV-A71 at various time points. Single-cell sequencing technology was used to sequence obtained PBMCs from a severe HFMD patient due to EV-A71 and a healthy control.
Front Med (Lausanne)
August 2025
School of Medicine, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, Peru.
Introduction: Vaccination against COVID-19 has generated a dramatic reduction in deaths and infections worldwide. However, there may be cross-reactivity with numerous biochemical and immunological markers. The Widal test for the detection of typhoid fever is an antigen-antibody test that can be affected by vaccination, causing errors in the results, so we determined the frequency of false positive results of the Widal test in adults vaccinated with Commirnaty (Pfizer -BioNtech) and BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) vaccines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF