Development and validation of a nomogram for in-stent restenosis within 2 years in patients after iliac or femoral artery stent placement.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for in-stent restenosis (ISR) within 2 years after iliac or femoral artery stent placement.

Methods: Clinical data of 237 patients diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and receiving iliac or femoral artery stent placement for the first time in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2015 to December 2022 were analyzed. Patients were randomized into training and validation set (7:3). Logistic regression was used to perform univariate and multivariate analysis on the possible factors of ISR, identify independent risk factors, establish a risk nomogram prediction model, and internally verify the predictability and accuracy of the model.

Results: Binary logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperfibrinogenemia and below-the-knee run-offs were independent risk factors for ISR within 2 years after iliac or femoral artery stent placement in patients with PAD. Based on these factors, the risk prediction model is established. The c index of the model was 0.856. The results showed that the risk prediction model has good accuracy in predicting ISR within 2 years after iliac or femoral artery stent placement.

Conclusions: The risk prediction model based on the 4 risk factors of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperfibrinogenemia and below-the-knee run-offs has good predictive performance.