Article Synopsis
- The study investigated the genetic factors influencing the age at which infants start walking, analyzing data from over 70,000 infants of European ancestry.
- It identified 11 significant genetic loci and showed a heritability rate of 24.13%, indicating that many genes contribute to this trait.
- The research also found correlations between the age of walking onset and other traits such as ADHD and brain structure, highlighting the biological significance of this developmental milestone.
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Article Abstract
Age at onset of walking is an important early childhood milestone which is used clinically and in public health screening. In this genome-wide association study meta-analysis of age at onset of walking (N = 70,560 European-ancestry infants), we identified 11 independent genome-wide significant loci. SNP-based heritability was 24.13% (95% confidence intervals = 21.86-26.40) with ~11,900 variants accounting for about 90% of it, suggesting high polygenicity. One of these loci, in gene RBL2, co-localized with an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) in the brain. Age at onset of walking (in months) was negatively genetically correlated with ADHD and body-mass index, and positively genetically correlated with brain gyrification in both infant and adult brains. The polygenic score showed out-of-sample prediction of 3-5.6%, confirmed as largely due to direct effects in sib-pair analyses, and was separately associated with volume of neonatal brain structures involved in motor control. This study offers biological insights into a key behavioural marker of neurodevelopment.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12283345 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41562-025-02145-1 | DOI Listing |
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