High-Frequency Modulated Transformer for Multi-Contrast MRI Super-Resolution.

Accelerating the MRI acquisition process is always a key issue in modern medical practice, and great efforts have been devoted to fast MR imaging. Among them, multi-contrast MR imaging is a promising and effective solution that utilizes and combines information from different contrasts. However, existing methods may ignore the importance of the high-frequency priors among different contrasts. Moreover, they may lack an efficient method to fully utilize the information from the reference contrast. In this paper, we propose a lightweight and accurate High-frequency Modulated Transformer (HFMT) for multi-contrast MRI super-resolution. The key ideas of HFMT are high-frequency prior enhancement and its fusion with global features. Specifically, we employ an enhancement module to enhance and amplify the high-frequency priors in the reference and target modalities. In addition, we utilize the Rectangle Window Transformer Block (RWTB) to capture global information in the target contrast. Meanwhile, we propose a novel cross-attention mechanism to fuse the high-frequency enhanced features with the global features sequentially, which assists the network in recovering clear texture details from the low-resolution inputs. Extensive experiments show that our proposed method can reconstruct high-quality images with fewer parameters and faster inference time.