Optic nerve sheath diameter in patients undergoing intracranial tumour resection: Perioperative changes and contributing factors - A prospective observational study.

Background And Aims: Ultrasonographic (USG) optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) provides a real-time, non-invasive method for assessing intracranial pressure. This study investigates perioperative ONSD variations and contributing factors in patients undergoing elective intracranial tumour resection.

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 94 adults with intracranial tumours, excluding orbital lesions and sellar/suprasellar tumours.

Microsurgical Management of Large Superior Hypophyseal Artery Aneurysm Presented with Visual Impairment.

Superior hypophyseal artery aneurysms are rare. Symptomatic superior hypophyseal artery aneurysm commonly presents with subarachnoid hemorrhage, uncommonly with cranial nerve deficits, and very rarely with visual impairment. Microsurgical management of such aneurysms is quite complex considering the anatomical structures in the paraclinoid region.

ALK-positive histiocytosis with isolated central nervous system involvement: Report of two cases and review of a newly described entity.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive histiocytosis is a novel and rare entity commonly described as a systemic disease affecting infants, while isolated systemic involvement including the central nervous system (CNS) have been reported in older children and young adults. We report 2 cases of CNS ALK-positive histiocytosis, with detailed histopathological and radiological information, and provide a review of literature. Two patients, a child and a young adult, presented with extra-axial mass lesion.

Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumour: emphasis on expression of early and late neuronal immunomarkers.

Aim: To analyse the expression of early, intermediate and late neuronal immunomarkers in multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumour (MVNT) and understand the histogenesis of this rare tumour.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study over a period of 5 years and included seven cases. Demographic, radiological and histopathological features were assessed.

Para-Falcine Chondroma: An Entity of Unacquaintance-A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Intracranial chondroma is a benign tumor arising from the rests of embryonic cartilages in the dura or dural folds, choroid plexus or the brain parenchyma. It is rare intracranially, but when it does occur, it is predominantly located at the skull base. Among the cohort of intracranial chondroma, the para-falcine location is the rarest.

Surgical Strategy and Decision-Making in Recurrent Atlanto-Axial Dislocations: The Role of Traction.

Objective: To analyse patients with recurrent atlanto-axial dislocation and give a criterion of an ideal patient who can benefit from redo surgery.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care center, which included 20 patients who failed atlanto-axial surgery from January 2013 to June December 2021. They were evaluated using X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging examinations, and their clinical data were accessed from the hospital's medical records department and the picture archiving and communication system.

Endovascular Management of Falcine Dural Arteriovenous Fistula-A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Cranial dural arteriovenous (AV) fistulas are abnormal connections between the branches of dural arteries to dural veins or venous sinuses. They are most frequently located at the transverse sinus and cavernous sinus. They can occur at every cranial dural sinus.

Atlantoaxial Instability with Persistent Second Intersegmental Artery.

Understanding the anatomy of the vertebral artery is essential while manipulating the craniovertebral joint during surgery. Its anomalous course in congenital atlantoaxial dislocation makes it more vulnerable to injury. Preoperative dedicated computed tomography (CT) angiography helps identify the artery's position and plan for surgical procedure.

Spontaneous Vertebral Artery Arteriovenous Fistula with Neurofibromatosis Type I and Its Management with Covered Stent.

Vertebro-vertebral fistulas (VVFs) are uncommon vascular pathology. It can be either primary (spontaneous) or secondary (iatrogenic or mechanical trauma). Spontaneous vertebral arteriovenous malformation is often associated with connective tissue disorders.

Life-Threatening Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Adult with ITP: Challenging Entity.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a rare and fatal complication of immune thrombocytopenia. ICH is more common in children than in the adult population. A 30-year-old male patient, a known case of immune thrombocytopenia, presented with sudden onset severe headache and vomiting.

Extra-Axial Cystic Meningioma without Dural Attachment in an Adult: Case Report and Review of Literature.

Intraparenchymal meningiomas, meningiomas without dural attachment, and cystic meningioma are atypical and extremely rare, especially in adults. Only four cases of intraparenchymal cystic meningioma without dural attachment have been reported. A 47-year-old female presented with an altered sensorium.

Life-threatening perforating brain injury by a rusty iron rod - A case report.

Background: When an object traverses through the cranium leaving behind both an entry and exit wound, it is called perforating brain injury. Perforating open brain injury is rare. A paucity of published literature on such cases and a lack of a standard management protocol pose significant challenges in managing such cases.