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Accurate assessment and enhancement of phosphorus (P) availability are critical for land application of sewage sludge and its thermal-treated products. By simulating different functioning pathways of P in soil, a novel multivariable scheme was developed to evaluate P availability from the perspective of mobility and bio-accessibility, then was applied to investigate the effects of hydrothermal pretreatment (HT), carbonaceous skeleton-assisted HT (CSkel-HT), and incineration on this topic. Sludge contained predominantly slow-release and microbial-available P (>50.0 % of total P). HT and incineration reduced available P through filtrate discharge, organic-P decomposition, and Fe/Al-P volatilization. Surprisingly, CSkel-HT addition promoted soluble Ca/MgHPO and thermal-stable Fe/AlPO formation under acidic conditions, which not only retained the slow-release and microbial-available P in hydrochar and ash, but also increased the rapid-available and plant-available P contents by 25.0 % and 300.0 %. Our scheme provided more informative insights than traditional single-index methods, and revealed the enhancing mechanism of CSkel-HT on P availability.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2025.132429 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
August 2025
Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
The use of microbial loaded biochar in soil remediation is becoming popular worldwide. In the current research, a maize straw biochar (MB) and Trichoderma harzianum loaded biochar (MBT) were used at various rates in Cd-Cu dual polluted soil, to see their effect on Cd-Cu removal and to explore vigorous changes of metals bio-accessibility. Throughout the 90 days of remediation experiment, the dynamic impacts on the soil's physiochemical characteristics were noted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
August 2025
Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control in Soils, Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, PR China. Electronic address:
In the face of worsening cadmium (Cd) pollution in river sediments, nano-chlorapatite (nClAP) modified biochars exhibit significant immobilization potential, but little is known about the ecological response of prokaryotic communities after remediation. In this study, nClAP-modified biochars derived from rice and wheat husk residues were used to immobilize Cd and evaluate their effects on α-diversity, co-occurrence network, and Cd-resistant genes of prokaryotic communities. Results revealed that pristine biochars converted exchangeable Cd to oxidizable and residual states via complexation, ion-exchange, and precipitation, while nClAP-modified biochars further facilitated the precipitation of Cd(PO)Cl, Cd(PO), and CdPO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
July 2025
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
Accurate assessment and enhancement of phosphorus (P) availability are critical for land application of sewage sludge and its thermal-treated products. By simulating different functioning pathways of P in soil, a novel multivariable scheme was developed to evaluate P availability from the perspective of mobility and bio-accessibility, then was applied to investigate the effects of hydrothermal pretreatment (HT), carbonaceous skeleton-assisted HT (CSkel-HT), and incineration on this topic. Sludge contained predominantly slow-release and microbial-available P (>50.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
July 2024
Sino-Spain Joint Laboratory for Agricultural Environment Emerging Contaminants of Zhejiang Province, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China. Electronic address:
Sci Total Environ
February 2021
Key Laboratory of High-temperature and High-pressure Study of the Earth's Interior, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China. Electronic address:
Alkaline soils are widely distributed around the world. During the mining and transportation processes galena may be exposed to the alkaline soils. Weathering of galena may lead to the formation of different lead phases having higher bio-accessibility than galena, and thereby increasing the mobility and toxicity of lead.
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