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Article Abstract
The practically low energy density limits the large-scale application of graphene in supercapacitors. Here, we propose a space-confined method for the preparation of fluorine-modified graphene (FG) by using fluorine-containing groups (PF or BF) as co-intercalated ions and reactants. The semi-ionic C-F bonds in FG contribute a brilliant capacitive performance in both acidic and alkaline electrolytes. Particularly, in alkaline medium, the FG electrode exhibited an ultrahigh specific capacitance (1210 F g), surpassing 2 orders of the theoretical capacitance value of graphene. Meanwhile, the FG-assembled symmetrical supercapacitor device (FG-SSD) possesses ultrahigh energy density (418.7 Wh kg) and power density (2 kW kg) in acidic medium, highlighting the practical application of supercapacitors. Theoretical calculations revealed an increased electrochemical double layer capacitance and amplified the electrochemical window of FG-SSD. This work demonstrates a spatially confined method for the preparation of functional graphene and its spectacular potential for supercapacitor-related electronics.
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