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Flexible short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) detectors are significant for wearable health monitoring, artificial vision systems, etc. However, it is difficult to realize flexibility in mainstream SWIR photodetectors, like InGaAs and HgCdTe, because of high fabrication temperature and epitaxial growth on single-crystal substrates. Herein, we report a highly flexible thin-film transistor (TFT) monolithic-integrated SWIR photodetector based on one-dimensional (Bi,Sb)Se. A high external quantum efficiency of 29% at 1,300 nm and fast response time are achieved. The device exhibits excellent flexibility due to the high mechanical tolerance of the one-dimensional structure, retaining 97% of the original value after bending at a 0.05 mm radius. It also presents high electric and thermal stability, maintaining 97.6% of the original value after annealing for 408 h at 90°C. Finally, applications for wearable heart rate monitors and curved-surface imaging are demonstrated. This work highlights the potential of (Bi,Sb)Se SWIR photodetector for flexible electronics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2025.112008 | DOI Listing |
Adv Mater
August 2025
Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, P. R. China.
The limited noise-responsivity balance in Short-wave infrared (SWIR) organic photodetectors (OPDs) restricts their biomedical and optoelectronic applications. In this study, this challenge is addressed through molecular-device co-engineering by designing two fluorinated narrow-bandgap non-fullerene acceptors (BTT-DTPn and BTT-DTPn-2F) coupled with solvent vapor annealing (SVA), achieving low noise and high detectivity in SWIR OPDs. The optimized devices based on BTT-DTPn-2F, which features enhance π-π stacking due to terminal fluorination, extend its absorption capability to 1300 nm.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China.
The facile synthesis of ultranarrow-bandgap (<1 eV) small-molecule semiconductors remains a persistent challenge for advancing shortwave infrared (SWIR) organic optoelectronic technologies. Donor-acceptor (D-A)-type molecules featuring quinoidal 2-(5-methylenethiazol-2(5)-ylidene)malononitrile (TM) end-groups are promising for achieving this goal. However, despite extensive studies of TM-based asymmetric merocyanine dyes, their optoelectronic performances remain far from satisfactory, and the synthetic methodologies for symmetric TM-end-capped molecules remain largely unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
August 2025
Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
Narrowband short-wave infrared (SWIR) organic photodetectors, combining wavelength-specific detection with the inherent advantages of organic semiconductors, are important candidates for many applications like medical diagnostics, industrial sorting, and environmental monitoring. However, previously reported spectral-narrowing strategies often compromise device performance through structural complexity and intrinsic limitations of charge-transfer (CT) absorption, even when coupled with strong cavity device architectures. To address this, a pseudo-charge-transfer state is engineered by doping an ultra-narrow bandgap third component, simultaneously optimizing electrode processing to minimize parasitic absorption and interface energetic barriers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType-II superlattice (T2SL) material systems are emerging as promising alternatives to conventional materials such as InGaAs and HgCdTe for extended short-wavelength infrared (eSWIR) detection, a field experiencing growing demand due to its diverse applications. However, T2SL photodetectors typically suffer from relatively low quantum efficiency. In this study, we demonstrate a significant enhancement in the quantum efficiency of eSWIR T2SL photodetectors through the implementation of a photon-trapping structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFlexible photodetectors play a crucial role in improving human healthcare. However, the narrow spectral detection range, poor stress stability, and non-degradability of traditional flexible photodetectors significantly hinder the further development of wearable medical devices. In this study, a printable phototransistor was developed with excellent dynamic performance (detectivity of 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF