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DDX3X syndrome is often misdiagnosed as autism spectrum disorder (ASD, Rett Syndrome, and Dandy-Walker Syndrome). Precise phenotyping is needed with reference to neurodevelopmental diagnosis. Observation of behavior and communication in parents with DDX3X syndrome in the USA, France, and Poland; conversations with the parents of patients; and rudimentary information in evidence-based medical articles prompted us to identify differences in communication, play, and social interaction between children with ASD only, those with both ASD and , and those with only. As diagnostic tool for patients, we created a questionnaire divided into four sections: medical, social, play, and communication. The results showed inconsistent diagnoses in different countries where children could have been diagnosed with . In a comparative analysis, individuals with exhibited greater social skills than individuals with ASD. Furthermore, those with demonstrated higher levels of social functioning compared to children with ASD. Therefore, parents of children recently diagnosed with ASD or similar conditions are encouraged to complete a survey to determine if their child is likely to have features of DDX3X syndrome. Identification of early behavioral markers that differentiate children with ASD and those with could lead to the earliest opportunity for identification and intervention, and can significantly impact developmental trajectories, leading to better long-term outcomes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13247842 | DOI Listing |
Reports (MDPI)
April 2025
Pediatric Cardiology and Congenital Heart Diseases, Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld, 430, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
: We report on an infant with Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome (psychomotor developmental delay, CNS malformations) and a complex heart defect with pulmonary arterial hypertension. : A mutation encoding for RNA helicase was detected, which may suggest an association between Snijders Blok-Campeau syndrome and the development of pulmonary vasculopathy. However, further validation is required.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
June 2025
Genetic Medico-Diagnostic Laboratory Genica, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental impairment that occurs due to mutations related to the formation of the nervous system, combined with the impact of various epigenetic and environmental factors. This necessitates the identification of the genetic variations involved in ASD pathogenesis. We performed whole exome sequencing (WES) in a cohort of 22 Bulgarian male and female individuals showing ASD features alongside segregation analyses of their families.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
June 2025
Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) lacks specific biomarkers for early diagnosis. Recent evidence implicates cuproptosis, a copper-induced regulated cell death pathway, and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modifications in metabolic and inflammatory processes central to PCOS pathogenesis. This study aimed to construct integrated diagnostic signatures based on cuproptosis- and m6A-related gene expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHum Mol Genet
July 2025
Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 355 Luding Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 200062, China.
DDX3X neurodevelopmental disorder (DDX3X-NDD) represents a recently identified genetic syndrome characterized by intellectual disability (ID) and developmental delays, primarily caused by pathogenic variants in the DDX3X gene. The physiological ramifications of these mutations remain largely unexplored. In this study, we reported 21 DDX3X variants from 22 Chinese patients with DDX3X-NDD by whole exome sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
May 2025
Seaver Autism Center for Research and Treatment, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
DDX3X is an X-linked RNA helicase that escapes X chromosome inactivation and is expressed at higher levels in female brains. Mutations in DDX3X are associated with intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are predominantly identified in females (DDX3X syndrome). Using cellular and mouse models, we show that Ddx3x mediates sexual dimorphisms in brain development at a molecular, cellular, and behavioral level.
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