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The synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles (FeO or FeS) within the membrane-bound organelles known as magnetosomes in magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) is a remarkable example of microbial-controlled biomineralization. Studying MTB biomineralization is crucial not only for understanding the origin and evolution of magnetoreception and bacterial organelles but also for advancing biotechnological and biomedical applications of MTB cells and magnetosomes. After decades of research, MTB have revealed unexpected diversity and complexity. The mechanisms underlying magnetosome biomineralization in MTB have been continuously documented using a few model MTB strains. In this review, we provide an overview of recent findings related to MTB diversity and focus primarily on the current understanding of magnetosome biosynthesis. Additionally, we summarize the growing biotechnological and biomedical applications derived from molecular studies of MTB and their magnetosomes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114995 | DOI Listing |
Biosensors (Basel)
July 2025
Light, Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies (L2n) Laboratory, CNRS UMR 7076, University of Technology of Troyes, 12 Rue Marie Curie, CS 42060, CEDEX, 10004 Troyes, France.
Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB), a unique group of Gram-negative prokaryotes, have the remarkable ability to biomineralize magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) intracellularly, making them promising candidates for various biomedical applications such as biosensors, drug delivery, imaging contrast agents, and cancer-targeted therapies. To fully exploit the potential of MTB, a precise understanding of the structural, surface, and functional properties of these biologically produced nanoparticles is required. Given these concerns, this review provides a focused synthesis of the most widely used microscopic and spectroscopic methods applied in the characterization of MTB and their associated MNPs, covering the latest research from January 2022 to May 2025.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2025
NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Immense progress in synthetic micro-/nanorobots with diverse functionalities has been made for biomedical applications during the last decade. However, there is still a huge gap for miniature robots to realize efficient therapy from in vitro to in vivo level. Here click chemistry is used to introduce curcumin-loaded hybrid cell membrane nanoparticles to magnetotactic bacteria AMB-1 with magnetic actuation, thus creating biohybrid microrobots CurNPs@2TM-AMB-1 for active and efficient pneumonia therapy in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Eng
August 2025
MATEIS, UMR5510, Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, UCBL, CNRS, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69621, France.
The demand for characterisation of beam-sensitive samples at the nanoscale in environmental conditions is increasing for applications in materials science and biology. Here we communicate a protocol with custom software, enabling precise control over the electron microscope, and a custom sample holder, facilitating automated acquisition of fast 3D data from a single object under environmental conditions. This method enables imaging with a controlled electron dose and multi-modal electron signals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Microbiol Biotechnol
July 2025
Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center RAS, 8 Arbuzov Str, 420088, Kazan, Russian Federation, Russia.
The potential of bacterial magnetic nanoparticles and magnetotactic bacteria has increased significantly in wastewater treatment. Magnetotactic bacteria and their magnetosomes exhibit unique magnetic and structural properties that facilitate the efficient removal of pollutants, including heavy metals, dyes, pesticides, and radionuclides. Unlike chemically synthesized nanoparticles, bacterial magnetosomes are biocompatible, recyclable, and can be manipulated using external magnetic fields, making them suitable for repeated use in treatment systems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Funct Biomater
June 2025
Materials Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Nanotechnology has an increasing impact and a great potential in various biological and medical applications. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) stand out for their unique properties, a reason why they have a varied spectrum of applicability in different sectors of activity; in this paper we focus on the medical field. Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are a group of Gram-negative prokaryotes that migrate in one direction or another under the influence of an external magnetic field and are a category of microorganisms that constitutively perform the biomineralization of magnetic nanoparticles in the cytoplasm.
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