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In recent years, there have been significant breakthroughs in the identification of immunological components of skin diseases and in the development of immunomodulatory drugs. Novel therapies create exciting prospects for personalized care. This article provides an overview of the role played by Th1, Th2, Th17, and follicular Th pathways in the most common skin diseases. Additionally, it elucidates the impact of current and upcoming treatments on each of these signaling cascades. Skin diseases predominantly influenced by a single dominant Th pathway such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are well-suited for biologics. However, in many other disorders a complex interplay between different immune pathways exists. This can lead to inconsistent efficacy of biologics based on individual patient profiles. In case of activation of several Th pathways, it may be more suitable to consider conventional therapies or JAK inhibitors. Increasing immunological insights have transitioned from laboratory research to practical applications, a trend that is expected to continue growing in the future.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538609 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.4110/in.2024.24.e33 | DOI Listing |
Med Oncol
September 2025
Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Laboratory, Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 are closely associated with breast cancer progression and apoptosis regulation, respectively. NPY receptors (NPYRs), which are overexpressed in breast tumors, contribute to tumor growth, migration, and angiogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Pharm Res
September 2025
College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, 194-21, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28160, Republic of Korea.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease that produces a variety of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1, YKL-40) significantly contributes to AD-associated inflammatory response and is highly expressed in patients with AD. Therefore, this study elucidated the effects and potential mechanisms of human YKL-40 antibody on AD-affected skin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRheumatol Int
September 2025
Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of PMR, , Sakarya University School of Medicine, Sakarya, Turkey.
To identify clinical and demographic predictors associated with the timing of transition from psoriasis (PsO) to psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and to compare the characteristics of patients with concurrent PsO-PsA onset versus those with prolonged transition. A multi-center, observational study was conducted using data from the Turkish League Against Rheumatism (TLAR) network including PsA patients fulfilling CASPAR criteria. Patients were categorized into two groups: Group 1 (concurrent PsO and PsA onset within ± 1 year) and Group 2 (prolonged transition to PsA, > 1 year after PsO).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKhirurgiia (Mosk)
September 2025
Amur Regional Clinical Hospital, Blagoveshchensk, Russia.
The authors present treatment of patients with spinal injury complicated by extensive multiple pressure sores. A comprehensive preoperative management was followed by staged surgical treatment. Advisability of deep bedsore closure with full-layer flaps and staged interventions was justified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiology
September 2025
Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Korea.
Background The optimal surgical management of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer with calcifications remains controversial, particularly when pathologic complete response (pCR) is suspected. Purpose To identify factors associated with pCR after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer and assess whether calcifications affect the performance of radiologic complete response (rCR) at MRI for predicting pCR. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included patients with HER2-positive breast cancer who received neoadjuvant docetaxel, carboplatin, trastuzumab, and pertuzumab and underwent surgery between January 2021 and October 2023.
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