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Starch, a crucial raw material, has been extensively investigated for biotechnological applications. However, its application in γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) production remains unexplored. Based on γ-PGA output of Bacillus subtilis SCP010-1, a novel asynchronous saccharification and fermentation process for γ-PGA synthesis was implemented. The results revealed that a starch concentration of 20%, α-amylase dosage of 75 U/g, liquefaction temperature of 72℃, and γ-PGA yield of 36.31 g/L was achieved. At a glucoamylase dosage of 100 U/g, saccharification 38 h at 60℃, the yield of γ-PGA increased to 48.88 g/L. The contents of total sugar, glucose, maltose and oligosaccharide in saccharified liquid were determined. Through batch fermentation of saccharified liquid in fermentor, the γ-PGA output was elevated to 116.08 g/L. This study can offer a potential cost reduction of 40%, which can be a promising advancement in industrial γ-PGA production. Moreover, our approach can be applied in other starch-based fermentation industries.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-024-04141-5 | DOI Listing |
J Sci Food Agric
September 2025
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hamidiye Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Background: This study aimed to develop gluten-free bread from chickpea flour by incorporation of varying levels (0 (B-C), 2.5 (B-1), 5 (B-2), and 10 g kg (B-3)) of madımak leaf powder (MLP), and to investigate its effect on physicochemical and bioactive properties, glycemic index, texture, and sensory attributes.
Results: Moisture ranged from 229 (B-3) to 244 g kg (control), while ash content increased with MLP, reaching 47 g kg in B-3 compared to 15.
Scand J Med Sci Sports
September 2025
Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, School of Medicine and Health, TUM University Hospital Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.
In wheat allergy dependent on augmentation factors (WALDA), allergic reactions occur when wheat ingestion is combined with exercise or rarely other augmentation factors. We analyzed clinical characteristics and disease burden in recreationally active and trained individuals with WALDA diagnosed by oral challenge test. Clinical characteristics, serological data, and quality of life (QOL) questionnaires were analyzed and completed with follow-up interviews.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPest Manag Sci
September 2025
Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
Background: Stored-product insects (Sitophilus spp., Plodia interpunctella, Sitotroga cerealella) drive substantial postharvest losses and increasingly resist synthetic fumigants. Valeriana wallichii roots yield volatile oils rich in short-chain acids and sesquiterpenes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Cosmet Sci
September 2025
Smart Foods and Bioproducts, AgResearch, Lincoln, New Zealand.
Objective: This study investigated the locations of amino acid modifications within two major human hair keratins (Type I K31 and Type II K85) with probable implications for protein and hair structural component integrity. The particular focus was on cysteine modifications that disrupt intra-protein and inter-protein disulphide bonds.
Methods: Human hair was exposed to accelerated, sequential heat or UV treatments, simulating effects resulting from the use of heated styling tools and environmental exposure over a time frame approximating one year.
Int J Gynaecol Obstet
September 2025
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Even though uterine fibroids are a widespread condition, the range of approved medical treatment options remains limited. In fact, only a few drugs are officially approved for the therapy of fibroids. In both the USA and the European Medicines Agency region, selected gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists have been approved for this indication.
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