98%
921
2 minutes
20
Autonomous vehicles are rapidly advancing and have the potential to revolutionize transportation in the future. This paper primarily focuses on vehicle motion trajectory planning algorithms, examining the methods for estimating collision risks based on sensed environmental information and approaches for achieving user-aligned trajectory planning results. It investigates the different categories of planning algorithms within the scope of local trajectory planning applications for autonomous driving, discussing and differentiating their properties in detail through a review of the recent studies. The risk estimation methods are classified and introduced based on their descriptions of the sensed collision risks in traffic environments and their integration with trajectory planning algorithms. Additionally, various user experience-oriented methods, which utilize human data to enhance the trajectory planning performance and generate human-like trajectories, are explored. The paper provides comparative analyses of these algorithms and methods from different perspectives, revealing the interconnections between these topics. The current challenges and future prospects of the trajectory planning tasks in autonomous vehicles are also discussed.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11314818 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24154808 | DOI Listing |
Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi
September 2025
Department of Radiology, Division of Clinical Technology, Kagoshima University Hospital.
Purpose: Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the most commonly used technique for target localization in radiation therapy. Four-dimensional CBCT (4D CBCT) is valuable for localizing tumors in the lung and liver regions, where the localization accuracy is affected by respiratory motions. However, in image-guided radiation therapy for organs subject to respiratory motion, position verification is often performed using 3D cone beam CT or 2D X-ray images.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccid Anal Prev
September 2025
School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Traffic accidents pose a significant threat to human life and property, and with the increasing presence of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs), effective risk assessment has become more critical. Current safety metrics, often limited to longitudinal or lateral assessments, fail to address omnidirectional risks or account for the uncertainties associated with vehicle intentions. This paper introduces a new omnidirectional safety metric, Interactive Risk (IR), which combines the concept of the driving risk field with multimodal trajectory prediction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEval Program Plann
August 2025
Departamento de Informática Educativa, Universidad de Córdoba, Carrera 6 No. 77-305, Montería, 230002, Córdoba, Colombia. Electronic address:
Many academic programs face persistent challenges in evaluating learning outcomes with consistency, traceability, and alignment to curricular goals. This study introduces a formal model for the systematic assessment of learning outcomes across an academic program. The model is grounded in set theory and matrix algebra, integrates the SOLO taxonomy to classify levels of cognitive performance, and structures evaluation across three defined assessment moments: early, mid, and final stages of the academic trajectory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Mental Health Research Institute, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has profoundly affected physical and mental health. Since the onset of the pandemic, the prevalence of depression and anxiety has significantly increased. Quarantine and social distancing, implemented to control the spread of COVID-19, have exacerbated social isolation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
September 2025
Alzheimer's Disease Convergence Research Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
Introduction: We developed and validated age-related amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) trajectories using a statistical model in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals.
Methods: We analyzed 849 CU Korean and 521 CU non-Hispanic White (NHW) participants after propensity score matching. Aβ PET trajectories were modeled using the generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) based on baseline data and validated with longitudinal data.