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Macrocyclic polyamines constitute a significant class of macrocyclic compounds that play a pivotal role in the realm of supramolecular chemistry. They find extensive applications across diverse domains including industrial and agricultural production, clinical diagnostics, environmental protection and other multidisciplinary fields. Macrocyclic polyamines possess a distinctive cavity structure with varying sizes, depths, electron-richness degrees and flexibilities. This unique feature enables them to form specific supramolecular structures through complexation with diverse objects, thereby attracting considerable attention from chemists, biologists and materials scientists alike. However, there is currently a lack of comprehensive summaries on the synthesis methods for macrocyclic polyamines. In this review article, we provide an in-depth introduction to the synthesis of macrocyclic polyamines while analysing their respective advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, we also present an overview of the recent 5-year advancements in using macrocyclic polyamines as non-viral gene vectors, fluorescent probes, diagnostic and therapeutic reagents as well as catalysts. Looking ahead to future research directions on the synthesis and application of macrocyclic polyamines across various fields will hopefully inspire new ideas for their synthesis and use.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.231979 | DOI Listing |
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc
January 2026
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China. Electronic address:
Spermidine has emerged as a promising biomarker for the early-stage diagnosis of cancer in humans. A novel extractive spectrophotometric analytical method has been developed for the determination of spermidine in urine samples. This technique leverages the selective extraction of spermidine from complex matrices using a cucurbit[7]uril-truxene derivative (Q[7]-Cs-Tr) as a fluorescent extractant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIUCrdata
May 2025
College of Pharmacy Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori Moriyamaku Nagoya 463-8521 Japan.
A crystalline salt comprising two monoprotonated polyamine ligands and one tetra-chloro-zincate(II) anion was prepared, (CHN)[ZnCl], and its crystal structure was analyzed and compared with those of structurally related compounds bearing different macrocyclic frameworks and pendant arms. The protonated nitro-gen atoms engaged in intra-molecular hydrogen bonding with other nitro-gen atoms within the macrocyclic ring. In the crystal, the pendant anthracene groups participated in inter-molecular π-π and C-H⋯π inter-actions, contributing to crystal cohesion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Ethnopharmacol
July 2025
Center of Studies in Natural Resources, State University of Mato Grosso Do Sul (UEMS), Rodovia Dourados/Itahum, Km 12, Caixa Postal 364, 79804-970, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Electronic address:
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Tarenaya aculeata is traditionally used in Brazil to treat inflammation and pain-related conditions.
Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, anti-inflammatory potential, and genotoxicity of a freeze-dried stem decoction of T. aculeata (SE) and a fraction free of the bulk of water-soluble compounds (SF).
ChemMedChem
August 2025
Univ. Brest, UMR CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 avenue Le Gorgeu, 29200, Brest, France.
CXCR4 is a transmembrane receptor overexpressed in a large variety of cancer cells. In addition to classical antibody- and peptide-targeting for the development of positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceuticals, this receptor possesses a range of small organic inhibitors that can be exploited. These are based mainly on nitrogen-rich scaffolds, such as AMD070, and cyclic polyamines, such as cyclam, in the AMD3100 skeleton.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBirth Defects Res
April 2025
Labcorp Early Development Services GmbH, Münster, Germany.
Background: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requested the four Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents (GBCA) New Drug Application (NDA) holders to investigate the effects of gadolinium (Gd) retention on fetal and neonatal development in mice and juvenile non-human primates (NHP) as well as the effects of repeated GBCA administrations on behavioral, neurological, and histopathological endpoints.
Methods: Two linear (gadodiamide and gadobenate dimeglumine) and one macrocyclic (gadobutrol) GBCA, intended to be representative of linear non-ionic, linear ionic, and macrocyclic GBCAs, were investigated in a juvenile toxicity study in the cynomolgus monkey. Clinical observations, body weight, food consumption, clinical chemistry, full histopathology, and behavioral/neurological parameters including learning and memory were assessed.