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Tea is widely consumed in both beverages and food. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the most crucial active ingredient in tea. Currently, knowledges on transformation processes of EGCG during tea processing are lacking. Understanding the chemical reactions of EGCG and its products during tea processing is important for assessing the safety of tea-containing food. Here, we revealed the formation of persistent free radicals (PFRs) from EGCG under the influence of heating and light irradiation, which was substantiated with evidence. These PFRs exhibited stability for >30 min in simulated gastric fluid. Furthermore, we observed potential effects of these PFRs on DNA damage and cell cytotoxicity in vitro. By combining electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, we elucidated the pathways involved in free radical formation. These findings are expected to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of free radical chemistry in tea-containing food.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140241 | DOI Listing |
Int J Biol Macromol
September 2025
College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China; Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China. Electronic address:
In this study, a novel bleaching method for ramie cellulose fibers with low oxidative damage was developed by utilizing the properties of sodium percarbonate contained in tea saponin, which slowly releases hydrogen peroxide in the catalytic oxidation system of N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI). First, the bleaching process was optimized using response surface design, followed by comparison and characterization of fiber properties prepared under different bleaching systems. Finally, the energy consumption, water consumption, and toxicity of the NHPI/tea saponin system were evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Sci Technol
September 2025
The Grainger College of Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.
Wastewater solids management is a key contributor to the operational cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). This study proposes a 'waste-to-energy' strategy using a hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL)-based system to displace conventional energy- and emission-intensive practices. The proposed system directs HTL-produced biocrude to oil refineries and recovers regionally tailored nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiologyopen
October 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Chiromo Campus, Off Riverside Drive, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Alkaline pectinases are in demand in industrial processes that require the degradation of plant pectins at high pH, for example, removal of pectin stains from fabrics, cutlery, and porcelain; treatment of pectic wastewater; fermentation of coffee, tea, and cocoa; manufacture of poultry and animal feeds, and processing of textiles, and so forth. The present study aimed to (a) screen four alkaliphilic microbial isolates, previously obtained from samples collected around Lake Bogoria (soda lake), Baringo County, Kenya, for alkaline pectinases, and (b) characterize the pectinase-producers. The screening data revealed that all the isolates were pectinase producers, exhibiting catalytic activities that ranged from 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China. Electronic address:
In this study, yak bone collagen peptide-tea polyphenol binding peptides (YCP/TP) were successfully prepared and investigated for their positive effects in replacing nitrite to improve the color, texture, flavor and bacterial community structure of fermented sausages. Results showed that YCP/TP primarily binds through hydrogen bond interactions, enhancing its stability and functional properties. The YCP/TP can effectively inhibit the increase in pH, protein carbonyls and TBARS (p < 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2025
Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China. Electronic ad
In this study, we produced instant dark tea (IDT) by liquid-state fermentation of Ziyang selenium-enriched summer-autumn tea leaves utilizing Eurotium cristatum. Then, the novel mechanism of IDT against obesity was investigated. Our results for the first time revealed that IDT could alleviate obesity by regulating the gut microbiota and promoting adipose thermogenesis.
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