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To date, approximately 500 monogenic inherited kidney diseases have been reported, with more than 50 genes associated with the pathogenesis of monogenic isolated or syndromic nephrotic syndrome. Most of these genes are expressed in podocytes of the glomerulus. Neurological symptoms are common extrarenal manifestations of syndromic nephrotic syndrome, and various studies have found connections between podocytes and neurons in terms of morphology and function. This review summarizes the genetic and clinical characteristics of monogenic inherited diseases with concomitant glomerular and central nervous system lesions, aiming to enhance clinicians' understanding of such diseases, recognize the importance of genetic diagnostic techniques for comorbidity screening, and reduce the rates of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2312054 | DOI Listing |
Stem Cell Rev Rep
September 2025
Department of Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnostics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
The emergence of organoid models has significantly bridged the gap between traditional cell cultures/animal models and authentic human disease states, particularly for genetic disorders, where their inherent genetic fidelity enables more biologically relevant research directions and enhances translational validity. This review systematically analyzes established organoid models of genetic diseases across organs (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreast Cancer Res
September 2025
Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Background: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are not yet standard in clinical risk assessments for familial breast cancer in Sweden. This study evaluated the distribution and impact of an established PRS (PRS) in women undergoing clinical sequencing for hereditary breast cancer.
Findings: We integrated PRS into a hereditary breast cancer gene panel used in clinical practice and calculated scores for 262 women.
Arrhythm Electrophysiol Rev
August 2025
Department of Cardiology, National University Heart Centre Singapore Singapore.
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the predominant cause of SCD in older individuals, while inherited cardiomyopathies and channelopathies are more common in younger individuals under the age of 35 years. Genetic disorders associated with SCD have traditionally been perceived as monogenic disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol
August 2025
Reproductive Medicine Center, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518000 Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive System Diseases, Shenzhen 518000 Guangdong, China. Electronic address: szfyart
Objective: This study investigates the association between alobar holoprosencephaly (HPE) and de novo germline microdeletions in the Xq25 region. To develop a Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders (PGT-M) based workflow enabling high-resolution preimplantation detection of sub-Mb microdeletions, overcoming the >1 Mb resolution limit of conventional whole genome amplification(WGA) copy number variation(CNV) sequencing to identify causative Xq25 variants and prevent pathogenic microdeletion transmission.
Methods: This study presents a clinical case involving a couple with an adverse obstetric history accompanied by two occurrences of HPE.
Ophthalmic Genet
August 2025
The Vision Center and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Background: Optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH), the leading congenital cause of permanent blindness, is characterized by a retinal ganglion cell (RGC) deficit at birth and frequently associated neurologic and endocrine abnormalities. Multifactorial developmental events are hypothesized to underlie ONH; however, environmental influences are unclear, and genetic causes are under-investigated.
Methods: To identify monogenic, disease-causing variants among ONH patients, exomes from 34 ONH subjects and their parents were sequenced and rare variants identified.