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Citrate-based biodegradable polymers have emerged as a distinctive biomaterial platform with tremendous potential for diverse medical applications. By harnessing their versatile chemistry, these polymers exhibit a wide range of material and bioactive properties, enabling them to regulate cell metabolism and stem cell differentiation through energy metabolism, metabonegenesis, angiogenesis, and immunomodulation. Moreover, the recent US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance of the biodegradable poly(octamethylene citrate) (POC)/hydroxyapatite-based orthopedic fixation devices represents a translational research milestone for biomaterial science. POC joins a short list of biodegradable synthetic polymers that have ever been authorized by the FDA for use in humans. The clinical success of POC has sparked enthusiasm and accelerated the development of next-generation citrate-based biomaterials. This review presents a comprehensive, forward-thinking discussion on the pivotal role of citrate chemistry and metabolism in various tissue regeneration and on the development of functional citrate-based metabotissugenic biomaterials for regenerative engineering applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.202402871 | DOI Listing |
J Biomed Sci
September 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
Oncometabolites are aberrant metabolic byproducts that arise from mutations in enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or related metabolic pathways and play central roles in tumor progression and immune evasion. Among these, 2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), succinate, and fumarate are the most well-characterized, acting as competitive inhibitors of α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases to alter DNA and histone methylation, cellular differentiation, and hypoxia signaling. More recently, itaconate, an immunometabolite predominantly produced by activated macrophages, has been recognized for its dual roles in modulating inflammation and tumor immunity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Pharm Bull (Tokyo)
September 2025
Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8578, Japan.
Several approaches for synthesizing [1-C]2-oxoglutaric acid were attempted, and the synthesis was successfully achieved in 4 steps from trimethylsilyl C-cyanide. The C-breath tests on rats were conducted by orally administering the newly synthesized [1-C]2-oxoglutaric acid, the previously prepared [1'-C]citric acid, and [1-C]acetic acid as a control drug, and the results were compared. The results indicate that [1-C]2-oxoglutaric acid and [1'-C]citric acid may serve as potential substrates for assessing the TCA cycle flux.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China. Electronic address:
Efficient water-absorbing and water-holding materials have shown notable promise in various applications, including hygiene products, agriculture, and drug delivery systems. Opposed to traditional absorbents prepared using synthetic polymers, bio-based, environmentally friendly efficient absorbents have attracted more attention from both academia and the industry. Herein, the aerogel absorbents from functional sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCNa), citric acid (CA) crosslinker, and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) have been developed via freeze-drying and cross-linking process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBraz Oral Res
September 2025
Universidade de São Paulo - USP, Bauru School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
This in vitro study evaluated the effect of proanthocyanidin, palm oil, and vitamin E against initial erosion. Bovine enamel blocks (n = 140) were divided into 14 groups: C+_SnCl2/NaF/Am-F-containing solution (positive control); C-_deionized water (negative control); O_palm oil; P6.5_6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Burn Care Res
September 2025
Shanghai Starriver Bilingual School, Shanghai, China.
Background: Despite the advancements of pharmacological treatments and gauze dressings in the field of skin wound healing, these methods present numerous limitations. Therefore, developing a multifunctional material capable of efficiently promoting skin wound healing is particularly crucial.
Methods: Citric acid (CA)-modified chitosan (CS) loaded with Shikonin (SK) (CA-CS-SK) hydrogel was prepared via the freeze-thaw method.