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A perfluoropolyether (PFPE)-based microfluidic device with cross-junction microchannels was fabricated with the purpose of producing uniform droplets. The microchannels were developed using CO laser engraving. PFPE was chosen as the main material because of its excellent solvent resistance. Polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) was mixed with PFPE to improve the hydrophilic properties of the inner surface of the microchannels. The microchannels of the polydimethylsiloxane microfluidic device had a blackened and rough surface after laser engraving. By contrast, the inner surface of the microchannels of the PFPE-PEGDA microfluidic device exhibited a smooth surface. The lower power and faster speed of the laser engraving resulted in the development of microchannels with smaller dimensions, less than 30 μm in depth. The PFPE and PFPE-PEGDA microfluidic devices were used to produce uniform water and oil droplets, respectively. We believe that such a PFPE-based microfluidic device with CO-laser-engraved microchannels can be used as a microfluidic platform for applications in various fields, such as biological and chemical analysis, extraction, and synthesis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi15050599 | DOI Listing |
Adv Sci (Weinh)
September 2025
College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 211100, P. R. China.
Aircraft confronting harsh meteorological conditions and radar detection environments during high-altitude flights face significant risks, which can threaten flight safety. This study designs and fabricates a novel Jerusalem cross-inspired Frequency Selective Surface (FSS). Initially, rGO powder with an optimized reduction degree is synthesized as the conductive filler.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGels
August 2025
Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
Hydrogels with spatially programmable mechanical properties hold great potential for use in biomedical applications. Inspired by the architecture of the cytoskeleton, we present a strategy for constructing tensegrity-structured hydrogels (TS-Gels) through enzyme-triggered crystal growth to enable precise mechanospatial manipulation. Specifically, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was covalently anchored to a polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel matrix to catalyze the in situ dephosphorylation of phosphotyrosine precursors, leading to the formation of rigid tyrosine crystals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Flexible sensors have emerged as essential components in next-generation technologies such as wearable electronics, smart healthcare, soft robotics, and human-machine interfaces, owing to their outstanding mechanical flexibility and multifunctional sensing capabilities. Despite significant advancements, challenges such as the trade-off between sensitivity and detection range, and poor signal stability under cyclic deformation remain unresolved. To overcome the aforementioned limitations, this work introduces a high-performance soft sensor featuring a dual-layered electrode system, comprising silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and a composite of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with carbon black (CB), coupled with a laser-engraved crack-gradient microstructure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
August 2025
Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Managing stress is essential for mental and physical health, yet current methods rely on subjective self-assessments or indirect physiological measurements, often lacking accuracy. Existing wearable sensors primarily target a single stress hormone, cortisol, using single-point measurements that fail to capture real-time changes and distinguish between acute and chronic stress. To address this, we present Stressomic, a wearable multiplexed microfluidic biosensor for noninvasive monitoring of cortisol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine in sweat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSmall
August 2025
School of Advanced Manufacturing, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
Interfacial solar steam generation (ISSG) offers a promising and eco-friendly approach to produce clean water efficiently. As a green and sustainable material, cellulose paper has been extensively used in ISSG. However, conventional methods for transforming cellulose paper into photothermal material are still cumbersome.
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