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The plastic response of the Senkov HfNbTaTiZr high-entropy alloy is explored by means of simulated nanoindentation tests. Both a random alloy and an alloy with chemical short-range order are investigated and compared to the well understood case of an elementary Ta crystal. Strong differences in the dislocation plasticity between the alloys and the elementary Ta crystal are found. The high-entropy alloys show only little relaxation of the indentation dislocation network after indenter retraction and only negligible dislocation emission into the sample interior. Short-range order-besides making the alloy both stiffer and harder-further increases the size of the plastic zone and the dislocation density there. These features are explained by the slow dislocation migration in these alloys. Also, the short-range-ordered alloy features no twinning plasticity in contrast to the random alloy, while elemental Ta exhibits twinning under high stress but detwins considerably under stress relief. The results are in good qualitative agreement with our current knowledge of plasticity in high-entropy alloys.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-59761-6 | DOI Listing |
Food Res Int
November 2025
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China. Electronic address:
Hydrocolloids are utilized in starch-based foods for water-holding, thickening, and gelation, yet their molecular interactions with starch in extrusion systems remain underexplored; this study evaluates physicochemical and multiscale structural changes in extruded starch incorporating curdlan (CG) and xanthan (XG). Incorporation of CG and XG significantly counteracted the disruption of the multiscale structure of starch caused by the extrusion treatment, and increased the content of resistant starch. It reduced the content of rapidly digestible starch in extruded starch by 4.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
September 2025
College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Subtropical Characteristic
The anti-digestive properties of cross-linked starches are essential for the development of low glycemic foods. Dynamic digestion modeling simulates the human digestive process more accurately and is an effective tool to study its anti-enzymatic mechanism. The structural evolution characteristics and the generation rules of sugar derivatives of lotus seed cross-linked starch with low, medium, high cross-linking degree (LS-2CS, LS-6CS, LS-12CS, respectively) were studied and compared during in vitro dynamic simulation digestive system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiophys J
September 2025
Department of Chromosome Science, National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan; Genetics Program, Sokendai, Yata 1111, Mishima, 411-8540, Japan.
The viscosity of the plasma membrane in living cells is a crucial biophysical parameter that regulates cellular functions. We categorize the plasma membrane viscosity into short-range and long-range viscosities based on the spatial scale of the cellular processes they influence. Short-range viscosity originates from the Brownian motion of membrane molecules, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUltramicroscopy
August 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1304W. Green Street, Urbana 61801, IL, USA; Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 104 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana 61801, IL, USA. Electronic address:
Complex face-centered-cubic (FCC) alloys frequently display chemical short-range ordering (CSRO), which can be detected through the analysis of diffuse scattering. However, the interpretation of diffuse scattering is complicated by the presence of defects and thermal diffuse scattering, making it extremely challenging to distinguish CSRO using conventional scattering techniques. This complexity has sparked intense debates regarding the origin of specific diffuse-scattering signals, such as those observed at 1/3{422} and 1/2{311} positions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
September 2025
Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas, Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), UNLP-CONICET, La Plata, Argentina. Electronic address:
Silica-binding peptides (SBPs) are versatile tools for functionalizing silica surfaces in biotechnology, yet the mechanisms underlying their adsorption remain poorly understood. Here, we develop a predictive molecular theory that integrates peptide structure, electrostatic and short-range interactions, and charge regulation effects to model SBP adsorption onto silica. This coarse-grained approach effectively captures the dependence of adsorption on pH, salt concentration, and peptide concentration.
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