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http://dx.doi.org/10.3724/abbs.2024019 | DOI Listing |
Annu Rev Entomol
September 2025
2Key Laboratory of Plant Design, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; email:
Parasitoid wasps are a diverse group of insects with a unique parasitic lifestyle that allows them to spend their lives closely interacting with their insect hosts, facilitated by parasitic effectors, including venom, polydnaviruses, and teratocytes. These effectors manipulate various aspects of insect host biology to increase the survival of the parasitoids' offspring. During the last two decades, omics and functional studies have significantly advanced our understanding of how parasitoids manipulate their hosts at the molecular level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Comput Biol
September 2025
Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Ubiquity of cancer across the tree of life yields opportunities to understand variation in cancer defences across species. Peto's paradox, the finding that large-bodied species do not suffer from more cancer despite having more cells at risk of oncogenic mutations compared to small species, can be explained if large size selects for better cancer defences. Since birds live longer than non-flying mammals of equivalent size, and are descendants of moderate-sized dinosaurs, we ask whether ancestral cancer defences are retained if body size shrinks in a lineage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
Genetic code expansion (GCE) technology has primarily been devoted to the introduction of noncanonical amino acids (ncAAs) into ribosomally synthesized proteins or peptides. Its potential for modifying nonribosomal natural products remains unexplored. In this study, we introduce a novel strategy that integrates GCE with the directed evolution of cyclodipeptide synthase (CDPS) to engineer a new class of CDPSs capable of biosynthesizing cyclodipeptides containing ncAAs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611.
The origin and phylogenetic distribution of symbiotic associations between nodulating angiosperms and nitrogen-fixing bacteria have long intrigued biologists. Recent comparative evolutionary analyses have yielded alternative hypotheses: a multistep pathway of independent gains and losses of root nodule symbiosis vs. a single gain followed by numerous losses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Biomol Struct Dyn
September 2025
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
Acetylesterase, produced by , plays a crucial role in deacetylating hemicellulose during pulp production. Thermostable variants of this enzyme, although rare, can significantly enhance industrial efficiency by retaining activity at high temperatures. This research aims to design a thermostable variant of acetylesterase from (EC 3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF