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Objective: The aim of the study is to examine the associations between mandatory access prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs), pain management clinic (PMC) laws, and doctor shopping (DS) laws with adolescent nonmedical use of prescription medications (NUPM).
Methods: We linked 2011-2015 Youth Risk Behavior Survey data on 364,103 adolescents across 40 states with PDMP, PMC laws, and DS laws. We conducted a 2-way fixed effects logistic regression model to examine the associations between state drug laws and adolescent self-reported NUPM.
Results: We found some evidence that implementation of a mandatory access PDMP was associated with a decrease in nonmedical use of prescription drugs at the P = 0.079 level (average marginal effect: -0.017, 95% confidence interval = -0.036 to 0.002), while there were no associations with the implementation of PMC and DS laws.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that current state drug laws to combat NUPM are inadequate for adolescents.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000001187 | DOI Listing |
J Mass Spectrom
October 2025
Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
The laboratory analysis of new psychoactive substances and related drugs is crucial for accurate clinical and forensic diagnosis of poisonings. Given this, a new LC-MS/MS method for analyzing hallucinogens, synthetic cathinones, and synthetic cannabinoids in urine was developed. Urine samples were extracted using a liquid-liquid extraction protocol optimized via a multivariate experimental design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem Cell Rev Rep
September 2025
Department of Medical Genetics and Prenatal Diagnostics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
The emergence of organoid models has significantly bridged the gap between traditional cell cultures/animal models and authentic human disease states, particularly for genetic disorders, where their inherent genetic fidelity enables more biologically relevant research directions and enhances translational validity. This review systematically analyzes established organoid models of genetic diseases across organs (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
September 2025
Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Key Laboratory of RNA Innovation Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Antigen-induced clustering of cell surface receptors, including T cell receptors and Fc receptors, represents a widespread mechanism in cell signalling activation. However, most naturally occurring antigens, such as tumour-associated antigens, stimulate limited receptor clustering and on-target responses owing to insufficient density. Here we repurpose proximity labelling, a method used to biotinylate and identify spatially proximal proteins, to amplify designed probes as synthetic antigen clusters on the cell surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
September 2025
Centre for Evolution and Cancer, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK.
Cancer development and response to treatment are evolutionary processes, but characterizing evolutionary dynamics at a clinically meaningful scale has remained challenging. Here we develop a new methodology called EVOFLUx, based on natural DNA methylation barcodes fluctuating over time, that quantitatively infers evolutionary dynamics using only a bulk tumour methylation profile as input. We apply EVOFLUx to 1,976 well-characterized lymphoid cancer samples spanning a broad spectrum of diseases and show that initial tumour growth rate, malignancy age and epimutation rates vary by orders of magnitude across disease types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeukemia
September 2025
University Children's Hospital Zurich, Pediatric Oncology and Children's Research Center, Zurich, Switzerland.
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) preferentially localizes in the bone marrow (BM) and displays recurrent patterns of medullary and extra-medullary involvement. Leukemic cells exploit their niche for propagation and survive selective pressure by chemotherapy in the BM microenvironment, suggesting the existence of protective mechanisms. Here, we established a three-dimensional (3D) BM mimic with human mesenchymal stromal cells and endothelial cells that resemble vasculature-like structures to explore the interdependence of leukemic cells with their microenvironment.
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