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Heterogeneous single-cluster catalysts (SCCs) comprising atomically precise and isolated metal clusters stabilized on appropriately chosen supports offer exciting prospects for enabling novel chemical reactions owing to their broad structural diversity with unparalled opportunities for engineering their properties. Although the pioneering work revealed intriguing performance trends of size-selected metal clusters deposited on supports, synthetic and analytical challenges hindered a thorough understanding of surface chemistry under realistic conditions. This Review underscores the importance of considering the cluster environment in SCCs, encompassing the development of robust metal-support interactions, precise control over the ligand sphere, the influence of reaction media and dynamic behaviour, to uncover new reactivities. Through examples, we illustrate the criticality of tailoring the entire catalytic ensemble in SCCs to achieve stable and selective performance with practically relevant metal coverages. This expansion in application scope transcends from model reactions to complex and technically relevant reactions. Furthermore, we provide a perspective on the opportunities and future directions for SCC design within this rapidly evolving field.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41570-023-00540-8 | DOI Listing |
ACS Nano
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Continental Shale Oil, Joint International Research Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Catalytic Materials & Surface Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, PR China.
Developing high-performance supported metal catalysts for the Heck cross-coupling reaction of aryl halides is appealing but challenging. Single atom catalysts (SACs) have shown potential for various reactions, but insufficient metallic properties and electronic quantum states of the mononuclear metal sites can not efficiently catalyze complicated molecular transformations. Herein, we report an efficient heterogeneous catalyst with highly exposed subnanometric palladium ensembles decorated over oxygen vacancy-containing yttrium oxide (Pd/YO) designed to overcome these limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
July 2025
Engineering Research Center of Advanced Rare Earth Materials, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
The preparation of polyoxometalate molecular cages has always been a long-term and challenging pursuit. In this work, we have successfully prepared two unprecedented giant heterogeneous POM-based purely inorganic molecular cages with symmetry, which contain the aggregation of M (M = Ni, Co)-substituted trilacunary {PW} and Mn-bridged {W}. Sodium ions are used as templates to fill the cages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neuropsychiatr
June 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Republic of Korea.
Background: Depression is a complex mental health disorder with highly heterogeneous symptoms that vary significantly across individuals, influenced by various factors, including sex and regional contexts. Network analysis is an analytical method that provides a robust framework for evaluating the heterogeneity of depressive symptoms and identifying their potential clinical implications.
Objective: To investigate sex-specific differences in the network structures of depressive symptoms in Asian patients diagnosed with depressive disorders, using data from the Research on Asian Psychotropic Prescription Patterns for Antidepressants, Phase 3, which was conducted in 2023.
Nature
June 2025
Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Supported metal catalysts that integrate atomically dispersed species with controlled structures lie at the forefront of catalytic materials design, offering exceptional control over reactivity and high metal utilization, approaching the precision of molecular systems. However, accurately resolving the local metal coordination environments remains challenging, hindering the advancement of structure-activity relationships needed to optimize their design for diverse applications. Although electron microscopy reveals atomic dispersion, conventional spectroscopic methods used in heterogeneous catalysis only provide average structural information.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
February 2025
Department of Computer Science, Florida State University, 222 S. Copeland St. Tallahassee, 32306, Florida, United States.
Intra-tumor heterogeneity (ITH) is a compounding factor for cancer prognosis and treatment. Single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq) provides cellular resolution of the variations in a cell and has been widely used to study cancer progression and responses to drug and treatment. While the low coverage scDNA-seq technologies typically provides a large number of cells, accurate cell clustering is essential for effectively characterizing ITH.
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