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Background: The Immunoscore (IS) is a quantitative digital pathology assay that evaluates the immune response in cancer patients. This study reports on the reproducibility of pathologists' visual assessment of CD3+- and CD8+-stained colon tumors, compared to IS quantification.
Methods: An international group of expert pathologists evaluated 540 images from 270 randomly selected colon cancer (CC) cases. Concordance between pathologists' T-score, corresponding hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) slides, and the digital IS was evaluated for two- and three-category IS.
Results: Non-concordant T-scores were reported in more than 92% of cases. Disagreement between semi-quantitative visual assessment of T-score and the reference IS was observed in 91% and 96% of cases before and after training, respectively. Statistical analyses showed that the concordance index between pathologists and the digital IS was weak in two- and three-category IS, respectively. After training, 42% of cases had a change in T-score, but no improvement was observed with a Kappa of 0.465 and 0.374. For the 20% of patients around the cut points, no concordance was observed between pathologists and digital pathology analysis in both two- and three-category IS, before or after training (all Kappa < 0.12).
Conclusions: The standardized IS assay outperformed expert pathologists' T-score evaluation in the clinical setting. This study demonstrates that digital pathology, in particular digital IS, represents a novel generation of immune pathology tools for reproducible and quantitative assessment of tumor-infiltrated immune cell subtypes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15164045 | DOI Listing |
J Hepatol
July 2025
Else Kroener Fresenius Center for Digital Health, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Department of Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TUD Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Disease
Artificial intelligence (AI) methods in hepatology have proliferated since the mid-2010s, with numerous publications and some regulatory approvals. Yet, adoption of AI methods in real-world clinical practice and clinical research remains limited. Despite clear benefits of using AI to analyze complex data types in hepatology, such as histopathology, radiology images, multi-omics and more recently, natural language patient data, there are still substantial barriers and challenges to its integration into routine clinical workflows.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJMIR Res Protoc
September 2025
Department of Health Services Research & Administration, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.
Background: With the availability of more advanced and effective treatments, life expectancy has improved among patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), but this makes communication with their medical oncologist more complex. Some patients struggle to learn about their therapeutic options and to understand and articulate their preferences. Mobile health (mHealth) apps can enhance patient-provider communication, playing a crucial role in the diagnosis, treatment, quality of life, and outcomes for patients living with MBC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
September 2025
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are found to be critical for maintaining immune tolerance to self-antigens; however, their status in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) remains unclear. We investigated alterations in the abundance of peripheral Tregs in a large pSS cohort and their implications for patients.
Methods: Levels of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+Treg cells in the peripheral blood of 624 patients with pSS, and 93 healthy controls (HCs) were detected using modified flow cytometry (FCM).
Int J Telemed Appl
August 2025
Department of Leadership, Faculty of Economic and Management Sciences, Stellenbosch Business School, Bellville, South Africa.
Telepathology and digital pathology are increasingly utilised for routine diagnostics globally, improving patient safety and diagnostic efficiency. No research exists on the adoption of digital pathology in South Africa. Understanding the current use can help understand implementation needs and ensure equitable access to this modern diagnostic tool.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Rheumatol
September 2025
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine.
Purpose Of Review: This review explores the evolving understanding of vascular dysfunction in systemic sclerosis (SSc), from early endothelial injury to clinical manifestations and emerging therapeutic strategies.
Recent Findings: Endothelial cell (EC) injury, senescence, and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition are central to SSc vasculopathy. Single-cell and spatial omics have revealed distinct EC subtypes and dysregulated pathways, including interferon signaling and chromatin remodeling.