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Diuretics are drugs that promote the excretion of water and electrolytes in the body and produce diuretic effects. Clinically, they are often used in the treatment of edema caused by various reasons and hypertension. In sports, diuretics are banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Therefore, in order to monitor blood drug concentration, identify drug quality and maintain the fairness of sports competition, accurate, rapid, highly selective and sensitive detection methods are essential. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the pretreatment and detection of diuretics in various samples since 2015. Commonly used techniques to extract diuretics include liquid-liquid extraction, liquid-phase microextraction, solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, among others. Determination methods include methods based on liquid chromatography, fluorescent spectroscopy, electrochemical sensor method, capillary electrophoresis and so on. The advantages and disadvantages of various pretreatment and analytical techniques are elaborated. In addition, future development prospects of these techniques are discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408347.2023.2202260 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Pediatr
September 2025
Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Importance: Neonatal intensive care has advanced over recent decades, yet premature birth remains associated with increased neonatal mortality and morbidity.
Objective: To describe health service use, morbidity, and medication needs up to age 5 years in a contemporary cohort of children born preterm.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based cohort study was conducted in British Columbia (BC), Canada, using health service and pharmacy data linked using provincial administrative databases.
J Vet Intern Med
September 2025
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Background: Serum copeptin (sCoP) is used as a surrogate for plasma arginine vasopressin (pAVP) measurement in humans.
Objective: To measure pAVP and sCoP at rest and after osmotic- and non-osmotic stimulation testing in dogs.
Animals: Eight young castrated/spayed healthy research Beagles, eight young intact dogs, and eight old neutered healthy client-owned dogs.
J Hazard Mater
August 2025
RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
Water contamination by micropollutants is a global issue, yet there is limited information from low-income regions. To address this, we evaluated surface water quality in rapidly growing Sub-Saharan area of Malawi lacking wastewater treatment. Integrated assessment of passive sample extracts representing wet and dry seasons combined effect-based approach with in vitro bioassays, target and non-target chemical analyses (NTS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Pharm Assoc (2003)
August 2025
Monash Healthxe , 361 Blackburn Rd , Clayton Melbourne, Australia; Monash University Wellington Rd, Clayton . Melbourne Australia; Victorian Heart Hospital, Monash Health, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Background: There has been increasing interest in the utilisation of health data analytics for decision support systems and prioritising pharmacy clinical work. Despite this potential, there remains limited evidence in the Australian context regarding the design and implementation of data-driven dashboards tailored specifically for pharmacists.
Objectives: We aimed to develop a disease state dashboard in an Australian hospital to assist clinicians identifying and prioritising the review of heart failure (HF) patients when admitted for other reasons, enabling timely optimisation of their care.
J Vet Cardiol
July 2025
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1008 W Hazelwood Dr, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Introduction/objectives: Cats with left-sided congestive heart failure (CHF) usually present with pleural effusion and/or pulmonary edema. We compared time to refractory CHF and survival time between pleural effusion and pulmonary edema in cats with various cardiomyopathies.
Animals, Material And Methods: A total of 125 cats with CHF presenting as predominantly pleural effusion (n = 73) or pulmonary edema (n = 52) were included in this study.