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Background: The tendon-sheath-system (TSS) is an excellent medium for remote power transmission, which is widely used in laparoscopic surgery robots. Since the operation process requires the robot to move continuously, this time-varying characteristic further aggravates the force and position transmission loss caused by the nonlinear friction of TSS, which affects the control accuracy of the surgical robot.
Method: A time-varying tendon-sheath transmission model (RT model) is proposed. A feedforward control system is designed to improve tendon-sheath transmission accuracy. Furthermore, a tendon-sheath transmission model with velocity characteristics (RV model) is established.
Result: Force, position, and velocity experiments were carried out on the platform of TSS with a robotic arm. The results show that the R-square values of force and position compensation are at least 96.57% and 99.16%.
Conclusion: The proposed RT and RV models are effective in compensating for the TSS transmission loss during the operation of the surgical robot.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcs.2517 | DOI Listing |
Gait Posture
September 2025
Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Background: While the plantar fat pad is known for its role in shock absorption and plantar force distribution during weight-bearing activities, its impact on running biomechanics is not well understood.
Research Question: Does plantar fat pad thickness affect lower limb biomechanics and plantar pressure distribution during running in healthy adults?
Methods: This cross-sectional observational study involved fourteen participants (18-50 years) who ran at their preferred speed on a 10-meter walkway while lower limb kinematics and ground reaction forces were recorded using a motion capture system. Plantar pressure and force on the right foot were measured using a pressure platform.
Bioinspir Biomim
September 2025
Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, 285 Old Westport Road, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, 02747-2300, UNITED STATES.
Harbor seals possess a remarkable ability to detect hydrodynamic footprints left by moving objects, even long after the objects have passed, through interactions between wake flows and their uniquely shaped whiskers. While the flow-induced vibration (FIV) of harbor seal whisker models has been extensively studied, their response to unsteady wakes generated by upstream moving bodies remains poorly understood. This study investigates the wake-induced vibration (WIV) of a flexibly mounted harbor seal-inspired whisker positioned downstream of a forced-oscillating circular cylinder, simulating the hydrodynamic footprint of a moving object.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Appl Physiol (1985)
September 2025
Ludwig Engel Centre for Respiratory Research, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Lung volume change modifies pharyngeal airway patency by altering breathing-related passive force transmission between lower and upper airways (via tracheal and other connections). We hypothesise that such force transmission may also impact active upper airway dilator muscle function by altering resting muscle length. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between end expiratory lung volume (EELV) and ability of sternohyoid muscle (SH) contraction to alter pharyngeal airway patency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Med Res Opin
September 2025
International Society for Medical Publication Professionals (ISMPP), Tarrytown, NY, USA.
Patient engagement (PE) has evolved from an emerging concept to a fundamental ethos underpinning healthcare research and communication. In this commentary, we explore the historical evolution in medical research from patients being participants in clinical trials to becoming integral partners in communicating medical research findings. The progression from "why" to "how" PE should occur represents a fundamental shift in the medical publication landscape.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
September 2025
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.
Background: Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections remain a public health problem in Uganda despite biannual national deworming campaigns implemented since the early 2000s. Recent surveys have indicated a heterogeneous STH infection prevalence, suggesting that the current blanket deworming strategy may no longer be cost-effective. This study identified infection predictors, estimated the geographic distribution of STH infection prevalence by species, and calculated deworming needs for school-age children (SAC).
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