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A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) model for the structure and affinity of abrin aptamers was established. A higher affinity abrin aptamer based on the established QSAR model was screened by site-directed mutagenesis. The fluorescence quenching effect between magnetic microspheres and fluorescent molecules was studied for the first time. A new method for abrin detection based on the interaction between target molecules and fluorescently labeled aptamers on magnetic microspheres was developed, with the detection limit of 5 ng mL. This method can overcome the influence of complex environmental interferents in abrin detection and can meet the analysis requirements for simulated samples such as water, soil, and food.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15196977 | DOI Listing |
Arch Toxicol
July 2025
Experimental and Clinical Toxicology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), PharmaScienceHub (PSH), Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
The analysis of highly toxic proteins such as abrin and ricin is challenging but comprehensive analytical methods are essential for their unambiguous identification after ingestion. This study pursued three primary aims at detecting abrin and ricin in human biosamples while ensuring that laboratory staff remain protected from direct exposure to these toxic proteins. First, two polyclonal antibodies (pAB) against specific peptides of abrin-A and ricin should be produced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxins (Basel)
April 2025
School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
Ricin (RT) and abrin (AT) are plant toxins extracted from and , respectively, and both have N-glycosidase activity. The detection of these toxins is vital because of their accessibility and bioterrorism potential. While ricin can be effectively detected based on its depurination activity, only a few tests are available for detecting the depurination activity of abrin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicol Lett
May 2025
Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Defence Research Development & Establishment, Defence Research Development Organization, Gwalior 474002, India. Electronic address:
Ricin, a type-2 Ribosome-Inactivating Protein (RIP), is a dangerous biotoxin derived from castor plant seeds. It is classified as a Schedule 1 agent by the Chemical Weapon Convention (CWC) and a Category B agent by the Biological and Toxin Weapon Convention (BTWC). Despite their high toxicity, castor seed plants are widely used for the production of castor oil and in folk medicine systems for the treatment of various diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxins (Basel)
February 2025
Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland.
Abrin is a highly toxic plant protein encompassing four isoforms, abrin-a, -b, -c and -d. An abrin reference material was isolated from and certified (EURM-113) by the EuroBioTox consortium. Here, we present a detailed characterisation of the -glycosylation profile of EURM-113.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Issues Mol Biol
December 2024
Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
Abrin, a toxin of the rosary pea plant (), has been implicated as causing an autoimmune demyelinating disease in humans, but the exact mechanisms responsible for the induction of these demyelinating conditions are still unknown. Certain superantigen microbial toxins such as Staphylococcus enterotoxin type A, type D, type E or streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C also lead to various diseases including autoimmune disorders of the nervous system. Here, the effect of abrin toxin on the immune reaction was studied in human CD4 T-cell lines, and its inhibition of protein synthesis in kidney cells.
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