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Cholesterol gallstones are very common in hepatobiliary surgery and have been studied to a certain extent by doctors worldwide for decades. However, the mechanism of cholesterol gallstone formation is not fully understood, so there is currently no completely effective drug for the treatment and prevention of cholesterol gallstones. The formation and development of cholesterol gallstones are caused by a variety of genetic and environmental factors, among which genetic susceptibility, intestinal microflora disorders, impaired gallbladder motility, and immune disorders are important in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones. This review focuses on recent advances in these mechanisms. We also discuss some new targets that may be effective in the treatment and prevention of cholesterol gallstones, which may be hot areas in the future.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4240/wjgs.v14.i9.887 | DOI Listing |
Clin Ther
September 2025
F.M. Kirby Center for Molecular Ophthalmology, Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philade
Purpose: Cholelithiasis is associated with decreased risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a bile acid used to dissolve cholesterol gallstones, has been shown to be retina-protective in several mouse models. This study sought to determine if UDCA may protect against AMD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Pharm Des
August 2025
Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Sila Katamur (Halugurisuk), Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India.
Cholelithiasis, particularly cholesterol-bearing-stones, is one of the gastrointestinal diseases representing a substantial global health burden. The five key primary factors inducing cholesterol-bearing-stones include genetics, hepatic cholesterol hypersecretion, rapid phase transition of cholesterol, gallbladder hypomotility, and specific intestinal factors. To date, laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains the primary treatment approach for cholelithiasis patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChirurgia (Bucur)
August 2025
Cholelithiasis is a common gastrointestinal condition that significantly burdens healthcare systems worldwide. The primary cause of gallstone production is cholesterol hypersaturation. Age and female sex are considered more potent risk factors than other factors, but recent studies presented strong associations between cholesterol gallstones and obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Methods Programs Biomed
November 2025
Amity Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Amity University, Noida, U.P. 201313, India. Electronic address:
Background And Objective: Gallbladder diseases present a critical challenge and can cause serious complications, if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Diseases including gallstone, inflammation, and other abnormalities may lead to a number of significant consequences, such as bile duct obstructions, chronic pain, infections, and in severe cases, life-threatening sepsis or gallbladder cancer.
Methods: This study presents a novel deep learning-based diagnostic model using an attention-guided residual convolutional neural network to classify nine distinct gallbladder diseases, including gallstones, abdomen and retroperitoneal pathology, cholecystitis, membranous and gangrenous cholecystitis, perforation, polyps and cholesterol crystals, adenomyomatosis, carcinoma, and various causes of gallbladder wall thickening.
Chirurgia (Bucur)
July 2025
Cholelithiasis is a common gastrointestinal condition that significantly burdens healthcare systems worldwide. The primary cause of gallstone production is cholesterol hypersaturation. Age and female sex are considered more potent risk factors than other factors, but recent studies presented strong associations between cholesterol gallstones and obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF