Article Synopsis
- Climate tipping points happen when climate changes reach a threshold, causing further changes that significantly impact the Earth system.
- Research indicates a revised list of global and regional tipping elements with their respective temperature thresholds.
- Current warming (about 1.1°C) is already near lower tipping point thresholds, and if temperatures rise to 1.5 to 3°C, several tipping points may be triggered, highlighting the need for urgent climate action and improved risk assessment.
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Article Abstract
Climate tipping points occur when change in a part of the climate system becomes self-perpetuating beyond a warming threshold, leading to substantial Earth system impacts. Synthesizing paleoclimate, observational, and model-based studies, we provide a revised shortlist of global "core" tipping elements and regional "impact" tipping elements and their temperature thresholds. Current global warming of ~1.1°C above preindustrial temperatures already lies within the lower end of some tipping point uncertainty ranges. Several tipping points may be triggered in the Paris Agreement range of 1.5 to <2°C global warming, with many more likely at the 2 to 3°C of warming expected on current policy trajectories. This strengthens the evidence base for urgent action to mitigate climate change and to develop improved tipping point risk assessment, early warning capability, and adaptation strategies.
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