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Deep fluorescence imaging in mammalian brain tissues remains challenging due to scattering and optical aberration-induced loss in signal and resolution. Correction of aberrations using adaptive optics (AO) requires their reliable measurement in the tissues. Here, we show that an extended-source Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (ESSH) allows quantitative aberration measurements through fixed brain slices with a thickness up to four times their scattering length. We demonstrate in particular that this wavefront measurement method based on image correlation is more robust to scattering compared to the standard centroid-based approach. Finally, we obtain a measurement of the tissue scattering length taking advantage of the geometry of a Shack-Hartmann sensor.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.456651 | DOI Listing |
Chem Rev
September 2025
Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States.
Achieving precise control of materials synthesis is a cornerstone of modern manufacturing, driving efficiency, functionality, and device innovation. This review examines the roles of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and neutron scattering (NS) in advancing our understanding of these processes. TEM offers atomic-scale insights into nucleation, growth, and phase transitions, while NS provides an analysis of reaction pathways, phase evolution, and structural transformations over broader length scales.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
September 2025
School of Pharmacy, Minhang Hospitial, Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Raman spectroscopy with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) through metal substrates is a highly precise bioimaging technique. Alternatively, recently discovered small molecules to enhance the Raman signal intensities through their self-stacking, termed stacking-induced intermolecular charge transfer-enhanced Raman scattering (SICTERS), offer ultrasensitive in vivo Raman imaging free of substrates. Molecular engineering to increase the SICTERS intensity and to tune photothermal conversion efficiency of these molecules is critical for furthering their biomedical application but not yet feasible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomacromolecules
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan.
Biobased polyesters, recyclable sustainable polymers derived from renewable feedstock, are promising alternatives to petroleum-based polymers. The crystallization behavior, crystal structure, and supramolecular structures of a series of biobased long-chain aliphatic polyesters, consisting of a diester of 10-undecenoic acid with isosorbide (IS), isomannide (IM), and butanediol (BD) as the midsegments, were studied by various scattering methods and Raman spectroscopy. Polyesters containing butanediol-type midsegments (CBD) participated in the crystallization by being incorporated into the orthorhombic polyethylene crystal lamellae.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
September 2025
Department of Physics and Astronomy and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.
Moiré superlattices introduce new length and energy scales, enabling discoveries, such as unconventional superconductivity, in 2D systems. This concept has recently been extended to bulk materials with multiple- spin textures, opening exciting opportunities for spin moiré physics. A notable example is EuAgSb, where a spin moiré superlattice (SMS), manifested as a double- spin modulation, induces a superzone gap opening.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
August 2025
Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology PO Box 513 Eindhoven 5600 MB The Netherlands
Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is a universal phenomenon that plays a key role in many biological processes. Although LLPS is well known for (bio)macromolecular systems, we have recently demonstrated that supramolecular polymer systems can also undergo LLPS an entropy-driven pathway. This opens new avenues for engineering biomaterials with tailored properties and functionalities by modulating the pathways of supramolecular polymerization.
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