Enhanced neuroimaging with a calcium sensor in brains using closed-loop adaptive optics light-sheet fluorescence microscopy.

Significance: Adaptive optics (AO) has been implemented on several microscopy setups and has proven its ability to increase both signal and resolution. However, reported configurations are not suited for fast imaging of live samples or are based on an invasive or complex implementation method.

Aim: Provide a fast aberration correction method with an easy to implement AO module compatible with light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) for enhanced imaging of live samples.

Single-shot quantitative aberration and scattering length measurements in mouse brain tissues using an extended-source Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor.

Deep fluorescence imaging in mammalian brain tissues remains challenging due to scattering and optical aberration-induced loss in signal and resolution. Correction of aberrations using adaptive optics (AO) requires their reliable measurement in the tissues. Here, we show that an extended-source Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (ESSH) allows quantitative aberration measurements through fixed brain slices with a thickness up to four times their scattering length.