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Improvements in life expectancy at birth in the UK had stalled prior to 2020 and have fallen during the COVID-19 pandemic. The stagnation took place at a time of relatively high net migration, yet we know that migrants to Australia, the USA and some Nordic countries have positively impacted national life expectancy trends, outperforming native-born populations in terms of life expectancy. It is important to ascertain whether migrants have contributed positively to life expectancy in the UK, concealing worsening trends in the UK-born population, or whether relying on national life expectancy calculations alone may have masked excess mortality in migrant populations. We need a better understanding of the role and contribution of migrant populations to national life expectancy trends in the UK.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac013 | DOI Listing |
J Vis Exp
August 2025
The Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT, and Harvard Main Street;
Ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation (280-320 nm) has been recognized as a carcinogen since 1928, leading to sun exposure minimization. However, epidemiological studies suggest that sun exposure correlates with increased life expectancy and reduced incidence of cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers such as colon and endometrial cancer. UVB exposure also influences liver metabolism, protects against hepatocellular lipotoxicity, and affects metabolic health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Background: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is a significant global health concern with rising incidence and mortality in certain regions. This study aimed to evaluate the global burden and temporal trends of HNC from 1990 to 2021 and to project its future burden through 2030.
Methods: Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study.
JMIR Res Protoc
September 2025
Department of Health Services Research & Administration, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.
Background: With the availability of more advanced and effective treatments, life expectancy has improved among patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC), but this makes communication with their medical oncologist more complex. Some patients struggle to learn about their therapeutic options and to understand and articulate their preferences. Mobile health (mHealth) apps can enhance patient-provider communication, playing a crucial role in the diagnosis, treatment, quality of life, and outcomes for patients living with MBC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJAMA Netw Open
September 2025
School of Rehabilitation Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Importance: The cost-effectiveness of adding early in-bed cycling to usual physiotherapy among adults receiving mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) compared with usual physiotherapy alone is unknown.
Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of in-bed cycling plus usual physiotherapy compared with usual therapy alone in the Critical Care Cycling to Improve Lower Extremity Strength (CYCLE) randomized clinical trial.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This trial-based economic evaluation with a 90-day time horizon compared early cycling plus usual physiotherapy vs usual physiotherapy alone from a societal perspective.
Cureus
August 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, JPN.
Osteoporosis is a common condition, and treatment can reduce the risk of fracture and extend healthy life expectancy, but most cases go undiagnosed and untreated. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), the gold standard for diagnosing osteoporosis, is costly, time-consuming, and labor-intensive, with limited availability in low-resource settings and small clinics, so it is not suitable for screening for potential osteoporosis. To address this problem, in recent years, some studies have attempted to screen for osteoporosis by estimating DXA bone mineral density (BMD) from chest radiographs (CR), which are frequently used in daily clinical practice, by applying deep learning technology.
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