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To examine the association of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) with anxiety and depressive symptoms among adults and determine if these associations varied by gender and age. We combined survey data from 16,177,184 adults from 43 countries who participated in the daily COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey Facebook with time-varying NPI data from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker between 24 April 2020 and 20 December 2020. Using logistic regression models, we examined the association of [1] overall NPI stringency and [2] seven individual NPIs (school closures, workplace closures, cancellation of public events, restrictions on the size of gatherings, stay-at-home requirements, restrictions on internal movement, and international travel controls) with anxiety and depressive symptoms. More stringent implementation of NPIs was associated with a higher odds of anxiety and depressive symptoms, albeit with very small effect sizes. Individual NPIs had heterogeneous associations with anxiety and depressive symptoms by gender and age. Governments worldwide should be prepared to address the possible mental health consequences of stringent NPI implementation with both universal and targeted interventions for vulnerable groups.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604430 | DOI Listing |
J Appl Gerontol
September 2025
Department of Medical Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Theoretical Medicine, University of Augsburg, Germany.
Research on the relatives' well-being during the critical time point when their family member is hospitalized in an acute psychiatric hospital is still lacking. Therefore, we investigated psychological well-being, care-related burden, and communication challenges of 67 relatives of older patients with dementia (RPwD) versus 60 relatives of older patients with a psychiatric disorder (RPP) at the time of hospitalization. RPwD reported significantly higher levels of depression and care-related burden compared to RPP (there was a similar non-significant trend for anxiety).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Respir Cell Mol Biol
September 2025
University of Toronto, Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) is a serious condition involving physical weakness, depression, and cognitive impairment that develop during or after an intensive care unit (ICU) stay, often resulting in long-term declines in quality of life. Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and severe COVID-19 are at particularly high risk, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying PICS remain poorly understood. Here, we identify impaired Apelin-APJ signaling as a potential contributor to PICS pathogenesis via disruption of inter-organ homeostasis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America.
While the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted mental health, limited information exists on the relationship between COVID-19 infection and mental health disorders in children and adolescents. This study explored the association between COVID-19 infection, infection severity, and the risk of depression and anxiety among school-aged youth. Data from the 2019-2021 Utah All Payers Claims Database (APCD) was used to identify children and adolescents (aged 6-15 years in 2019) covered by private insurance or Medicaid.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, United Kingdom.
Background: Previous studies have shown associations between specific limiting longstanding illnesses and mental health difficulties using cross-sectional studies in the UK. This study explored the association between having any limiting longstanding illness and serious psychological distress or of currently receiving treatment for depression or serious anxiety at age 17 years.
Methods: A secondary analysis of the UK Millennium Cohort Study was conducted.
PLoS One
September 2025
Faculty of Psychology, Mental Health Research and Treatment Center, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Background: Eating disorders such as Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN) were previously found to partly entail alterations in stress physiology including salivary cortisol (sC), and salivary alpha amylase (sAA) at rest and basal vagal tone (HF-HRV), compared to individuals without mental disorders or with mixed mental disorders (anxiety and depressive disorders), but corresponding data remain scarce and are not entirely consistent.
Method: HF-HRV, sC and sAA at rest were assessed in a female sample of 58 individuals with AN and 54 individuals with BN before and after psychotherapy and contrasted against measurements from 59 female individuals suffering from mixed disorders and 101female healthy controls.
Results: Values for sC were elevated in AN compared to all other groups, those for HF-HRV were highest in both AN and BN and lowest in mixed mental disorders and no differences were found at rest for sAA.