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Organoid cryopreservation method is one of key step in the organoid culture. We aimed to establish a simple and efficient cryopreservation method for mouse small intestinal organoids (MIOs) and colon organoids (MCOs) using various concentrations of cryoprotectant. Based on the theoretical simulation, we optimized the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) concentration by pretreating the organoids with 5, 7.5, and 10% DMSO for 30 min at 4 °C to allow penetration into the organoids and evaluated their viability, proliferation, and function after cryopreservation. Gene expression in the MIOs and staining of lineage markers were examined real-time PCR. The organoids in the DMSO-treated groups as well as the control, expressed ChrgA, Ecad, Muc2, Lyz, villin, and Lgr5, and there are no significant. A forskolin-induced swelling assay for MIOs was performed to confirm normal cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) activity. Similar forskolin-induced swelling was observed in the DMSO-treated groups and the control. In addition, MCOs were transplanted into mouse colon for confirmation of regeneration therapy efficacy. Thawing organoids were cultured for two and four sequential passages after cryopreservation with 5% DMSO to confirm any changes in the gene expression of lineage markers after subculture. We developed a simple and efficient organoid freezing method using 5% DMSO with low potential toxicity and validated our findings with theoretical simulation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.12.021 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
September 2025
Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Via Giovanni Gradenigo, 6, 35131, Padova, PD, Italy.
Three approaches to fair ranking in retrieval systems are compared in this paper: mPFR, which is based on the theory of preferences and eigensystems; cRR, which is a simple' 'round robin" method; and mMLP, which is based on linear programming. In order to increase fairness without sacrificing retrieval effectiveness, the techniques post-process the rankings that a retrieval system sends back to users. The findings demonstrate that when it comes to protecting elements, mPFR and cRR accomplish the same level of effectiveness and fairness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
September 2025
Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China. Electronic address:
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are among the most effective methods for industrial wastewater treatment, but their applications to remove trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) are hampered by a lack of "selectivity". Here, an AOP was established using Cr(III) to activate periodate (PI) (Cr(III)/PI system) realizing rapid TrOCs removal, in which 2 μM tetracycline hydrochloride was completely degraded within 8 min (with 29 μM Cr(III) and 30 μM PI, pH 8). Mechanism analysis revealed the positive effect of Cr(III) complexation on enhancing both the efficiency and selectivity of TrOCs removal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
Photocatalysis has emerged as a promising strategy to address water pollution caused by heavy metals and antibiotics. Zeolites exhibit significant potential in petrochemical catalysis; however, the development of zeolite-based photocatalysts remains a critical challenge for researchers. Herein, a novel Z-scheme heterojunction was designed and fabricated on the titanium-silicon zeolite TS-1 by modifying g-CN via a simple calcination process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
September 2025
Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
A novel electrochemical/Fe dual-catalyzed perfluoroalkylation-thiolization of alkenes under mild conditions has been developed. This protocol utilizes commercially available reagents, cheap electrodes, and simple equipment. Diverse polyfunctionalized perfluoroalkyl-substituted derivatives were successfully obtained in a direct and efficient way with a broad substrate scope and excellent functional group tolerance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Am Chem Soc
September 2025
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
The direct cross-coupling of unactivated alkyl halides with aryl or heteroaryl partners remains a fundamental challenge in synthetic chemistry due to their inertness and propensity for side reactions. Herein, we report a transition-metal-free electrochemical halogen-atom transfer strategy that enables efficient alkyl radical cross-coupling via convergent paired electrolysis. In this system, anodically generated α-aminoalkyl radicals mediate the activation of alkyl iodides, while aryl/heteroaryl aldehydes or nitriles undergo cathodic reduction to afford persistent ketyl radical anions or aryl radical anions.
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