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Polyelectrolyte hydrogel ionic diodes (PHIDs) have recently emerged as a unique set of iontronic devices. Such diodes are built on microfluidic chips that feature polyelectrolyte hydrogel junctions and rectify ionic currents owing to the heterogeneous distribution and transport of ions across the junctions. In this paper, we provide the first account of a study on the ion transport behavior of PHIDs through an experimental investigation and numerical simulation. The effects of bulk ionic strength and hydrogel pore confinement are experimentally investigated. The ionic current rectification (ICR) exhibits saturation in a micromolar regime and responds to hydrogel pore size, which is subsequently verified in a simulation. Furthermore, we experimentally show that the rectification is sensitive to the dose of immobilized DNA with an exhibited sensitivity of 1 ng/μL. We anticipate our findings would be beneficial to the design of PHID-based biosensors for electrical detection of charged biomolecules.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21248279 | DOI Listing |
ACS Biomater Sci Eng
September 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Pilani Campus, Vidya Vihar, Pilani, Rajasthan 333031, India.
The development of biomimetic scaffolds that emulate the extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for advancing cell-based therapies and tissue regeneration. This study reports the formulation of CHyCoGel, a novel injectable, ECM-mimetic hydrogel scaffold composed of chitosan, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, and an amphiphilic stabilizer. CHyCoGel addresses key limitations of existing scaffolds, offering improved structural uniformity, injectability, and gelation suitable for cell encapsulation and minimally invasive delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMater Horiz
September 2025
Faculty of Science, School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) continue to be the subject of much detailed and systematic study, being suitable for a diverse range of applications including bioelectronics, sensors, and neuromorphic computing. OECTs conventionally use a liquid electrolyte, and this architecture is well suited for sensing or bio-interfacing applications where biofluids or liquid samples can be used directly as the electrolyte. A more recent trend is solid-state OECTs, where a solid or semi-solid electrolyte such as an ion gel, hydrogel or polyelectrolyte replaces the liquid component for an all-solid-state device.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
August 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. Electronic address:
Reversible electroadhesive polyelectrolyte gels have emerged as promising materials for flexible electronic and soft robotic applications. While current research predominantly emphasizes polymer design and structural optimization to enhance both the reversibility and strength of electroadhesion, fundamental limitations persist in elucidating ion-mediated interfacial mechanisms. Herein, the synergistic effects of ion species selection and interfacial engineering were systematically investigated through the development of distinct polyelectrolyte hydrogel assemblies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGels
July 2025
College of Art and Physical Education, Kyungil University, Gyeongsan-si 38428, Republic of Korea.
Conductive hydrogels demonstrate substantial potential for flexible wearable sensors in motion monitoring, owing to their unique physicochemical properties; however, current implementations still confront persistent challenges in long-term stability, sensitivity, response speed, and detection limits under complex dynamic conditions, which material innovations are urgently required to resolve. Consequently, this paper comprehensively reviews the recent advancements in conductive hydrogel-based flexible wearable sensors for sports applications. The paper examines the conductivity, self-adhesion, self-repair, and biocompatibility of conductive hydrogels, along with detailed analyses of their working principles in resistance, capacitance, piezoelectric, and battery-based sensing mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Healthc Mater
August 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 300044, Taiwan.
Wound healing is a complex process that, when disrupted, can result in hypertrophic scars or keloids, causing significant physical and psychological discomfort. Despite advances in understanding fibrotic scar formation, achieving scarless healing remains challenging. Inspired by fetal wound healing, this research aims to develop a viscoelastic hydrogel mimicking fetal extracellular matrix properties.
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