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A comprehensive understanding of the qualitative and quantitative similarities and distinctions between the nutrient system of human milk and infant formula is critical in developing infant formulas. However, a holographic comparison method has not been intensively developed to measure the degree of humanization of infant formulas. Consequently, discriminative biomarkers affecting the degree of humanization of infant formulas have not been extensively investigated. This study compiled a milk nutrient molecular dataset, and then presented a new method to identify the degree of humanization of infant formula. The molecular information was converted into a matrix, and then the degree of humanization was elucidated according to the matrix correlation, PCA and OPLS-DA. Compared with infant formulas 2 and 3, infant formula 1 showed the highest degree of humanization at 0.9563. Furthermore, we reported many discriminative biomarkers, such as His, Leu, and Thr, which have not been found in other studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131741 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
September 2025
Department of Research, Collections and Conservation, Environmental Archaeology and Materials Science, National Museum of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
During the Late Bronze Age (ca. 11th-8th century BCE), far-reaching and extensive trade and exchange networks linked communities across Europe. The area around Seddin in north-western Brandenburg, Germany, has long been considered as at the core of one such networks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Maths and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, The Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Reliable and timely fault diagnosis is critical for the safe and efficient operation of industrial systems. However, conventional diagnostic methods often struggle to handle uncertainties, vague data, and interdependent multi-criteria parameters, which can lead to incomplete or inaccurate results. Existing techniques are limited in their ability to manage hierarchical decision structures and overlapping information under real-world conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Res Commun
September 2025
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. Subsede Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Av. Sábalo-Cerritos S/N, Mazatlán 82112, Sinaloa, México.
Histological analysis is a method commonly used in medical clinics to evaluate biological tissues and their abnormalities. However, this method is based on tissue collected from the necropsy of the animal, where modifications in the tissue associated with autolysis can occur after death. This study analyses the post-mortem histomorphological changes in white shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) after euthanasia by clove oil anaesthesia induction and pithing as a secondary killing method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColorectal Dis
September 2025
Department of Surgery, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK.
Aim: Controversy exists over whether surgical technique can reduce recurrence following Crohn's resection. This study compares the rate of endoscopic recurrence after different approaches to mesenteric excision (extended/close) and anastomosis (Kono-S/standard of care) in adult patients undergoing ileocolic resection for primary or recurrent Crohn's disease.
Method: MEErKAT is a UK multicentre, 2 × 2 factorial, randomised, controlled, open-label superiority trial where participants (target sample size = 308) are blinded and centrally randomised (1:1:1:1) to one of four groups: (1) Kono-S + extended mesenteric resection.
Psychotherapy (Chic)
September 2025
Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, School of Psychology and Counselling, Open University.
Despite the evidence indicating that accommodating preferences leads to better outcomes, we currently know very little about what psychotherapists prefer to deliver and whether this matches patient preferences. This research aimed to understand the degree of mismatching between patients' preferences in psychotherapy and psychotherapists' preferred psychotherapy delivery in Chinese clinical contexts. We utilized three samples from two different Chinese clinical contexts.
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