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Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a widespread post-transcriptional modification method that changes the 3' ends of transcripts by altering poly(A) site usage. However, the longitudinal transcriptomic 3' end profile and its mechanism of action are poorly understood. We applied diurnal time-course poly(A) tag sequencing (PAT-seq) for and identified 3284 genes that generated both rhythmic and arrhythmic transcripts. These two classes of transcripts appear to exhibit dramatic differences in expression and translation activisty. The asynchronized transcripts derived by APA are embedded with different poly(A) signals, especially for rhythmic transcripts, which contain higher AAUAAA and UGUA signal proportions. The Pol II occupancy maximum is reached upstream of rhythmic poly(A) sites, while it is present directly at arrhythmic poly(A) sites. Integrating H3K9ac and H3K4me3 time-course data analyses revealed that transcriptional activation of histone markers may be involved in the differentiation of rhythmic and arrhythmic APA transcripts. These results implicate an interplay between histone modification and RNA 3'-end processing, shedding light on the mechanism of transcription rhythm and alternative polyadenylation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2021.1933732 | DOI Listing |
MicroPubl Biol
August 2025
Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States.
Stage specific increased expression of PCF11 and Cbc, the two components of Cleavage Factor complex II, contribute to developmentally regulated 3'UTR shortening due to alternate polyadenylation of nascent RNA molecules in spermatocytes. Here, we show that both Cbc and PCF11 change subnuclear localization during male germ cell differentiation, from homogeneous in the nucleus in spermatogonia and early spermatocytes to concentrated around the nucleolus in later spermatocyte stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCytogenet Genome Res
September 2025
Introduction: DMRT1 on the Z chromosome is a conserved male sex-determining gene in birds. In chickens, a representative model species of Neognathae, the function of DMRT1 has been well characterized. In contrast, Palaeognathae species such as the emu possess less differentiated sex chromosomes and thus provide a valuable system for investigating avian sex determination, yet molecular studies remain limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2025
Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Genome-wide spatial long-read approaches often lack single-cell resolution and yield limited read lengths. Here, we introduce spatial ISOform sequencing (Spl-ISO-Seq), which reveals exons and polyadenylation sites with near-single-cell resolution. Spl-ISO-Seq selects long cDNAs and doubles to triples read lengths compared to standard preparations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
August 2025
Curriculum in Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel H
Through mechanotransduction, cells sense and respond to mechanical stimuli from their environment. A mechanical stimulus is first detected by a mechanosensor, then converted into a biochemical signal, which can ultimately control the expression of genes. RNA processing, which includes canonical and alternative splicing, 3' end polyadenylation, and 5' end capping, is a mechanism that fine-tunes gene expression regulation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell
August 2025
State Key Laboratory of Genome and Multi-omics Technologies, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI Research, Shenzhen 518083, China; Shanxi Medical University-BGI Collaborative Center for Future Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Ta
Performing total RNA profiling on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, the predominant sample conservation method in clinical practice, remains challenging for current spatial transcriptomics techniques. Here, we introduce Stereo-seq V2, which employs random primers to capture and sequence RNAs in situ on FFPE sections and provides single-cell resolution. The random-priming-based strategy offers unbiased transcript capturing and uniform gene body coverage, which increase the sensitivity to marker genes, the efficiency of non-polyadenylation (poly(A)) RNA profiling, and immune repertoire coverage.
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