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We propose a framework for understanding epistemic curiosity as a metacognitive feeling state that is related to the individual's Region of Proximal Learning (RPL), an adaptive mental space where we feel we are on the verge of knowing or understanding. First, we review several historical views, contrasting the RPL perspective with alternative views of curiosity. Second, we detail the processes, conditions, and outcomes within the RPL framework which are proposed to be related to curiosity. Finally, we review several lines of evidence relevant to the relation between RPL and curiosity. These include (1) differences in the conditions under which experts and novices mind wander, (2) experiments investigating people's choices of whether to study materials for which they have high versus low feelings of knowing, (3) results related to people's engagement with corrections to errors made with high confidence, and (4) curiosity, attention, and learning data related to the tip-of-the-tongue state.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.06.007 | DOI Listing |
Psychodyn Psychiatry
September 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta.
Mentalization-based therapy (MBT) formulates eating disorders as disorders of the self. This article examines the meaning of self-hatred and self-directed negativity as manifestations of self-alienation and vulnerable mentalizing. Relevant concepts are examined to substantiate MBT as a clinical approach to negative self-representations and epistemic mistrust.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
August 2025
Cognitive Neurorobotics Research Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan.
Active inference offers a unified framework in which agents can exhibit both goal-directed and epistemic behaviors. However, implementing policy search in high-dimensional continuous action spaces presents challenges in terms of scalability and stability. Our previously proposed model, T-GLean, addressed this issue by enabling efficient goal-directed planning through low-dimensional latent space search, further reduced by conditioning on prior habituated behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
August 2025
Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Research on emotional factors and mental health in higher education has gained traction. Much attention has focused on first-year students as a potentially at-risk group, though some studies suggest that all students might face similar risks. This study examines differences between junior and senior undergraduates in terms of mentalizing, emotion regulation (ER), and psychological mindedness, involving cognitive capacities significantly developed by late adolescence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
July 2025
Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Understanding individual differences in cognitive reserve is key to predicting, and potentially influencing, factors that promote healthy cognitive aging. It has been suggested that individuals who are more curious engage in more stimulating activities and thereby increase their cognitive reserve. In the present study, we investigated the relationships between dimensions of trait curiosity and different proxies of cognitive reserve - education, occupation, and leisure activities - in groups of younger (N = 190) and middle-to-older aged adults (N = 292).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Opin Psychol
October 2025
Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel.
Willful ignorance-the deliberate avoidance of information-plays a pivotal role in shaping how individuals assess and respond to risk. This paper explores how willful ignorance contributes to both active and passive risk-taking, with particular emphasis on the latter, where lack of action can lead to significant harm. We examine the potential of epistemic curiosity to counteract this avoidance by promoting instrumental information-seeking, while also acknowledging its potential to increase active risk-taking through heightened sensation-seeking.
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