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Objectives: To compare epidemiologic features of the second and third waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in South Korea.
Methods: Nationwide COVID-19 data were collected between 6 May and 30 December 2020. The degree of social activity was estimated using an Internet search trend analysis program for leisure-related keywords, including 'eating-out', 'trip' and 'get directions' (transportation). Demographics, transmission chains, case fatality rates, social activity levels and public health responses were compared between the second (13 August-18 September 2020) and third (4 November 2020-present) waves.
Results: In comparison with the second wave, the third wave was characterized by delayed strengthening of social distancing policies (3 vs. 15 days), longer duration (36 vs. >56 days) and a higher case fatality rate (0.91% vs. 1.26%). There were significant differences in transmission chains between the second and third waves (P < 0.01). In comparison with the second wave, the proportion of local clusters (24.8% vs. 45.7%) was lower in the third wave, and personal contact transmission (38.5% vs. 25.9%) and unknown routes of transmission (23.5% vs. 20.8%) were higher in the third wave.
Conclusion: Early and timely interventions with strengthened social distancing policies should be implemented to suppress and control the COVID-19 pandemic effectively.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7863747 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.004 | DOI Listing |
Clin Orthop Relat Res
September 2025
Leni & Peter W. May Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Background: Peripheral nerve injury commonly results in pain and long-term disability for patients. Recovery after in-continuity stretch or crush injury remains inherently unpredictable. However, surgical intervention yields the most favorable outcomes when performed shortly after injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop
September 2025
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Phenikaa University, Duong Noi, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Introduction: This study investigated the effect of sandblasting time and primer type on the shear bond strength of composite attachments to full-contour zirconia crowns.
Methods: A total of 108 zirconia specimens were fabricated and divided into 9 groups (n = 12) according to sandblasting time (10, 30, and 60 seconds) and primer type (silane, 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate [MDP], universal). After sandblasting with 110-μm alumina particles, specimens were primed, and attachments were bonded using a packable composite.
Int J Surg
September 2025
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Dysfunction, Luzhou, Sichuan, PR China.
Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the perioperative safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) versus surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) stenosis.
Methods: We systematically analyzed studies from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and CNKI comparing TAVR and SAVR in BAV stenosis. Outcomes included postoperative mortality, complications, all-cause survival, and freedom from stroke.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol
August 2025
Navy Special Medical Centre, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Radiation exposure initiates a cascade of reactions, including the release of reactive oxygen species, DNA double-strand breaks, and cellular apoptosis, leading to cell death, tissue damage, and potentially the development of cancer. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop highly effective and low-toxicity radioprotective agents. Traditional chemically synthesized protective agents face significant limitations in clinical applicability due to their pronounced off-target toxicity, narrow therapeutic window, and high production costs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Des Devel Ther
September 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, The Second People's Hospital of Guiyang, The Affiliated Jinyang Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China.
Background: Remimazolam tosilate, a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine, demonstrates promising safety profiles in clinical settings. While both remimazolam tosilate and etomidate provide hemodynamic stability during anesthesia induction, limited research has directly compared their effects on electroencephalogram (EEG) burst suppression (periods of transient brain wave silence), a potential predictor of adverse neurological outcomes. This study aims to compare the incidence rate of EEG burst suppression (ESR) with remimazolam tosilate versus etomidate by reviewing the drug regimens used by different anesthesiologists in clinical practice.
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