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In this paper, a piezoelectric sensor-embedded smart rock is proposed for the electromechanical impedance monitoring of internal concrete damage in a prestressed anchorage zone. Firstly, a piezoelectric sensor-embedded smart rock is analyzed for impedance monitoring in concrete structures. An impedance measurement model is analyzed for the PZT (lead zirconate titanate)-embedded smart rock under compression in a concrete member. Secondly, a prototype of the smart rock embedded with a PZT sensor is designed in order to ascertain, sensitively, the variations of the impedance signatures induced by concrete damage in an anchorage zone. Thirdly, the performance of the smart rock is estimated from a numerical analysis and experimental tests. Variations in the impedance signals under compressive test cases are analyzed in order to predetermine the sensitive frequency band for the impedance monitoring. Lastly, an experiment on an anchorage zone embedded with the smart rocks and surface-mounted PZT sensors is conducted for the impedance measurement under a series of loading cases. The impedance variations are quantified in order to comparatively evaluate the feasibility of the sensor-embedded smart rock for the detection of internal concrete damage in the anchorage zone. The results show that the internal concrete damage was successfully detected using the PZT-embedded smart rock, thus enabling the application of the technique for anchorage zone health monitoring.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020353 | DOI Listing |
Mar Life Sci Technol
August 2025
Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China.
Unlabelled: Microhabitat heterogeneity results in significant variations in the thermal environment on a small spatial scale, leading to different intensities of cold stress during extreme low-temperature events. Investigating variations in body temperature and metabolomic responses of organisms inhabiting different microhabitats emerges as an important task for understanding how organisms respond to more frequent extreme low-temperature events in the face of climate change. In the present study, we measured substrate temperature, air temperature, wind speed, light intensity, and body temperature to evaluate the relative importance of drivers that affect body temperature in different microhabitats, and determined the metabolomic responses of intertidal snails and limpets from different microhabitats (snail: exposed vs.
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September 2025
Information Systems, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Muscat Governorate, 123, Oman.
Background: Ensuring the security and trustworthiness of a digitized and automated electoral process remains a significant challenge in democratic systems. As digital voting systems are increasingly being investigated worldwide, ensuring the integrity of the process using robust security measures is of great importance. This paper presents a simplified model to enhance electoral integrity by leveraging Blockchain technology in the context of Oman's digital voting system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
August 2025
School of Engineering, Xizang University, Lhasa 850000, China.
The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau presents a unique challenge for infrastructure development due to its extreme geological and climatic conditions-high elevation, large diurnal temperature fluctuations, frequent freeze-thaw cycles, intense ultraviolet radiation, and seasonal precipitation. These factors greatly accelerate the weathering of rock materials, leading to aggregates with increased porosity, microcracking, and weakened mechanical properties. While the engineering implications of such degradation are evident, the underlying material science of weathered aggregates-particularly their microstructure-property relationships-remains insufficiently explored, necessitating further investigation to inform material selection and design.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Department of Petroleum Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O.BOX 14115-143, Tehran, Iran.
Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) poses a significant challenge for carbonate rock reservoirs in the oil and gas industry. To address this, researchers have introduced methods such as smart water and surfactant-assisted injections. The complex and heterogeneous nature of these rock formations requires a comprehensive understanding of the processes during injection.
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July 2025
Biologically Inspired Sensors and Actuators (BioSA), Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, 4700 Keele St., Toronto, ON, M3J1P3, Canada.
Reservoir wettability alteration is a vital method for enhancing oil recovery, especially at the pore scale, where it plays a key role in optimizing extraction and minimizing risks from chemical and water flooding. Among different mechanisms, surface charge stands out as a promising and practical approach. This study examines the effects of seven smart water compositions (SW0SO4, SW2SO4, SW4SO4, SW2Mg, SW2Ca, SW25d, SW50d), two heptol ratios, and varied asphaltene concentrations on oil recovery in carbonate rocks (calcite and dolomite).
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