Intracardiac and Vascular Hemodynamics with Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Heart Failure.

Heart Fail Clin

Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 North Michigan, Suite 1600, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address:

Published: January 2021


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Article Abstract

In heart failure (HF), the impaired heart loses its ability to competently eject blood during systole or fill with blood during diastole, manifesting in multifaceted abnormal intracardiac or intravascular flow dynamics. Conventional imaging techniques are limited in their ability to evaluate multidirectional multidimensional flow alterations in HF. Four-dimensional (4-D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a promising technique to comprehensively visualize and quantify changes in 3-dimensional blood flow dynamics in complex cardiovascular diseases. This article reviews emerging applications of 4-D flow MRI hemodynamic markers in HF and etiologies at risk of progressing to HF.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hfc.2020.08.010DOI Listing

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